Sweden

The Kingdom of Sweden (Konungariket Sverige) , commonly known as Sweden (Sverige) , is a constitutional monarchy located in Northern Europe .

It is located in the eastern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula (east of the Scandinavian Mountains), between Finland and Norway , and faces Finland and the Baltic countries across the Baltic Sea . The capital is Stockholm .

It is the only country in Northern Europe with a population of more than 10 million and has the largest population, and has traditionally been the leading country in Northern Europe, historically reigning as the loser in Scandinavia. Along with Denmark and Norway , it is known to be a descendant of the Vikings . In addition, it is a country whose national sovereignty has never been usurped by another country since its founding in 970.[10]

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1250-1275 ( Valdemar (Sweden) )


1275 ~ 1364 ( Polkk Kung Dynasty )


1319 - 1364 ( Haakon VI )


1364 ~ 1389 ( Albrut )


February 24, 1389 -October 28, 1412 ( Margrete I ), a yellow -backed blue lion, a red lion that symbolizes Norway, and a blue striped lion that symbolizes Sweden.


Other sentences of Margrete I. Samwang, a symbol of Sweden, has been added, but Margrete I's father -in -law is King Sweden. Mangus IV (Norwegian King Mangus VIII), and her husband is King Norwegian Hokon VII .


October 28, 1412 - September 24, 1439 ( Eric XIII ) Addition of the red griffon symbolizing Pomerania .


A blue and white diamond symbol symbolizing Bavaria , ruled by the Wittelsbach family from April 9, 1440 to January 5, 1448 ( Christopher of Bavaria )[11] addition. Added a yellow dragon on a red background to symbolize the King of Bend and the Isle of Fyn .


June 20, 1448 ~ February 24, 1457 ( Carl 8 -year -old Knutson )


June 23, 1457 - June 23, 1464 ( Christian I ) The emblem of two red stripes on a yellow background symbolizing the Oldenburg dynasty was placed in the center, and the emblem of two blue lions symbolizing Schleswig and the emblem of a white nettle on a red background symbolizing Holstein were added.


August 9, 1464 -January 30, 1465 (Knut 8 -year -old)


November 12, 1467 -May 15, 1470 (Carl 8 -year -old Knutson)


October 6, 1497 -August 1, 1501, John III


November 1, 1520 -August 23, 1521 ( Christian III )


June 6, 1523 -January 26, 1569 ( Basa Dynasty )


January 26, 1569 -June 6, 1654 (Basa Dynasty)


June 6, 1654 to March 24, 1720


March 24, 1720 ~ April 5, 1751 ( Fred Leak I )


April 5, 1751 – March 29, 1792 ( Holstein-Gottorp Dynasty )


March 29, 1792 to May 10, 1809 ( Gustav IV Adolf )


June 6, 1809 -November 4, 1814 ( Carl 13 years old )


November 4, 1814-February 5, 1818 ( Sweden-Norwegian Alliance )


February 5, 1818 to March 8 , 1844


March 8, 1844 to 1885


1885 ~ June 7, 1905


June 7, 1905 -December 8, 1907 ( Oscar II )


December 8, 1907 to 1982


1982 ~

 more detailsDu gamla, Du fria documentcastPlease note.

You who are eternal, you who are free

The national anthem is called ‘ Du gamla, Du fria (You who are eternal, you who are free)’ and the lyrics were written by Ricard Dubeque. The royal anthem is 'King's Song (Kungssången, Kungssången)' and 'Ur svenska hjärtans djup en gång (From the depths of the Swedish heart)', written by Otto Lindblad and composed by Carl Wilhelm August Strandberg.

Sweden's geological structure is based on metamorphic rocks formed in the Precambrian era, and the huge Scandinavian Mountains, a rare granite mountain chain in Europe, run across the country. The country is rich in iron and is a major exporter, but it is short on coal and relies on imports.


Sweden's climate is very different between the south and the north. Due to the influence of the Gulf Stream, it tends to be warmer than other areas at the same latitude.[12] However, because it is located in the northern latitude, winters are longer than in Korea. One-seventh of the country is in the Arctic Circle, so the sun does not set for 24 hours a day for about a month around the summer solstice , and the sun does not rise for 24 hours around the winter solstice . The city with the highest amount of sunlight is Östersund , located in North-Central Holland, with 654 hours of sunlight during the midnight sun. Skåne[13] Spring and flowering times in southern regions are also later than in Korea, and even in southernmost regions such as Malmo, which is located similar to Copenhagen in Denmark , the flowering time is mid-April. In the northern Norland region, the snow does not melt for about half a year.

The average summer temperature in northern Sweden is 14.5 degrees Celsius, and the average winter temperature is -12.8 degrees Celsius.[14][15] The southern region has a relatively short winter, with the average summer temperature being 16.6 degrees Celsius and the average winter temperature being -0.6 degrees Celsius.[16] . Thanks to this, some ski resorts in Sweden can open beyond May and into June.

In the case of the central and southern regions, it is quite dry from the end of March to May, so 'small forest fires' (gräsbrand) occur frequently, with fires spreading through dry grass or shrubs. In addition, when temperatures rise to abnormally high temperatures in the summer, the humidity drops below 30%, increasing the probability of forest fires occurring. In fact, in July 2018, the country suffered from a record-breaking drought and forest fires along with a heat wave, resulting in damage amounting to approximately 900 million kronor (KRW 100 billion). It ended.

Even in this cold country, there are water parks . It is 100% indoor or has a short outdoor opening period.

It is often known as a clean and clean clean area with clean water resources. Unlike other European regions, where lime water flows, the ground itself is a granite area rich in radioactive isotope, and the clear granite is a structure in which the clear water of the glacier descends. If you just turn the capital, you will get clear water. The atmosphere is also very clear, and when the day is good, the landscape in the desktop looks real. As the Arctic region, it is more influenced by the spaceship , and the natural radiation dose is higher.

If you include reefs as islands, it is also the country with the most islands in the world. Many small islands are located in inland lakes, mostly formed by glaciers, and there are many densely populated islands near large Swedish cities. So Sweden has a higher population density on the islands than on the mainland.

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The history of Swedish is huge in Sweden's history, including the Germanic , medieval Ruth Kaganguk , and the Normandy Principal , which are the original Russians of the Roman Dynasty. However, at this time, the identity of the Swedish people was still established.[17] It's not a time, so it's hard to put it in Sweden's history. Nevertheless, Sweden, which is present, is one of the long -lasting countries that have been around since 970.[18]

 more detailsSweden/population documentcastPlease note.

Sweden's population, like other countries in Western Europe, has not increased much, but has grown fairly steadily. Although there was a period of slow population growth from 1980 to 1990, Sweden's population continued to increase little by little, to the extent that it never stagnated. On January 20, 2017, Statistics Sweden announced that Sweden's population had surpassed 10 million. #

It is a country that referred to a lot of population -related policies in Korea. In Korean media, Sweden's population policy appears very often in the appearance of a fascinating appearance of welfare. However, this policy often faced cultural resistance because Korea did not considering that the nationality of childbirth and parenting was very different. If it was not, he did not understand Sweden's policy in Korean. While the 'community' is responsible for childcare, the Swedish is not the concept of 'my child', or the opposite and opposite of the value of keeping the first place with the spirit of the La Bear, and the opposite of the value and the opposite of the Koreans. (Description of the Embassy in Korea)

The so-called 'gender equality' spirit in Sweden was close to the concept of women demonstrating their ability to do more work. However, in Korea, it was difficult to understand this because there was a tradition that women should not do dirty work such as weaving or field work, as mentioned in the Confucian scripture called Yegi since the Joseon Dynasty, and that this was considered consideration. In Sweden, as depicted in Pippi the Tomboy, it was not strange for women to be strong, even if they were children, and it was close to the premise of the labor policy that women should be allowed to do even 'difficult work' if they could do it. It is even said that more women do weight training than men. # In today's capitalist society, where dual income has become necessary, Swedes have been able to have relatively many children because they are less criticized for not being able to work when they become mothers. There is also a very liberal atmosphere regarding 'specs' competition for a spouse, so much so that Crown Princess Victoria , first in line to the Swedish throne, married a rural fitness trainer.

Compared to Korea, Sweden's childcare-related policies and culture allow children to be taken care of without excessive competition, and the burden on parents can be alleviated as someone will take care of the child even if the child is left outside. However, in Korea, such policies are not easily implemented because the values ​​that are at least hundreds of years old due to Confucian culture run counter to this culture. In Korea, there are many people who initially protested, saying that Sweden could not be like this, and after experiencing Sweden, some thought that it was too 'harsh' or that the cost of giving birth was too high.

However, the birth rate is decreasing even though the policy has not changed since the mid -2010s. It is a phenomenon that occurs throughout Northern Europe, and the fertility rate decreases due to the tendency to emphasize 'work', but the exact cause is difficult in Sweden. # However, the birth rate of indigenous citizens is still twice as much as Korea. #

The total population from 1950 to the present is:

The birth population from 1800 to the present is as follows.

Life expectancy from 1750 to the present is as follows:

The birth rate from 1965 to the present is as follows. It was not high in the past, but has been declining significantly since 2015.

 more detailsSweden/Politics documentcastPlease note.

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‘ Law of Jante ’[19] There is an image that people do not smile often due to their irritable nature. Jante's Law YouTube Explanation In one scene of the American national animation The Simpsons, there is a part where Bart Simpson makes a prank call to a foreign country using a cell phone he picked up. When he makes a prank call to a bar in Sweden, the bar owner or people around him laugh for a moment and have an expressionless expression, and the taunted bar owner's tone of voice is hushed even when he gets angry, similar to when he is not angry.

But this is just a stereotype. Although they are not extroverted like Americans, greeting strangers and making small talk, their social life and facial expressions are normal. Contrary to its blunt image, the comedy of SVT , a Swedish public broadcaster , made a name for itself in its heyday.

According to statistics such as the gender equality index, it is a country with good gender equality, ranking in the top 5 in the world, and the birth rate as of 2020 is 1.6, which is higher than Korea (0.84). In addition, it is a country where men's participation in childcare and sharing of household chores is quite high, and 'Latte Papa'[20] There is even a word called. Until the 1950s, Sweden was also a country with typical gender roles, with women taking charge of child care and housework. There was also a low birth rate crisis at one time, but Sweden was often mentioned as a model in Korea as a successful example of gender equality by institutionally resolving the problem. However, this means that the 1950s were more patriarchal than they are now, and Sweden was a country with a much more gender-equal tradition than neighboring countries. Property rights had been guaranteed since the late 19th century, and in rural areas, men and women often worked together, so women's labor was considered an essential and visible role. Lutheranism also recognized gender roles, but had the doctrine of equality before God regardless of gender. The Vikings of earlier times also had a lot of power in matters such as divorce. Therefore, Scandinavia , to which Sweden belongs , was a place with a high passport among pre-modern civilizations, along with Southeast Asia.

The state is also famous for controlling alcohol sales. In general stores, you can only buy beer with an alcohol content of 3.5% or less, and anything higher than that can only be purchased at a dedicated reseller. This is a policy that was attempted as a compromise, as in the past in the United States, an attempt was made to completely ban alcohol through prohibition , but there was a lot of public opposition. A phenomenon that occurs not only in Sweden but also in countries with many Protestants . Even in the United States and Canada , people are very picky about alcohol.[21] Most Nordic countries, except Denmark , are like this, so there are cases where people go directly to Denmark or the Baltic countries to purchase alcohol.

There are strict rules when naming your children. In 1991 , when a couple was dissatisfied with the strict naming rules and refused to name their child, they were fined for not naming their child until the age of five. Then, in May 1996, the name given to this child was ' Brfxxccxxmnpcccclllmmnprxvclmnckssqlbb11116 '. Of course, it was dismissed and the fine was not waived. Then the new name was A.[22] Since one-letter names were not allowed, the application was rejected again, and the child was eventually given the name Albin Gustaf Tarzan Hallin. Changing your name costs about 450 kr and takes about a month, while changing your last name is free and takes about a week. However, it is impossible to change the name to a royal family name. After marriage, you can change your last name to your husband's last name, your wife's last name, or a third name. You do not have to change it if you do not want to. However, there are inconveniences such as having to obtain a separate certificate when a father or mother with a different last name from the child enters and exits the country with the child.

The Swedish government has recognized file sharing as a new religion. Similar to FSM , it is a satirical religion created by copyleftists .

There is something called allemansrätten (the right to enjoy nature). In English, it is translated as 'freedom to roam', and it is possible to freely walk in the forest and gather forest products such as raspberries, blueberries, and mushrooms, swim, and build a fire within a safe range. refers to the various rights available to However, various animals and plants are designated as protected species, so picking flowers carelessly or harming animals can be an illegal act.

It has been the longest country in the world for a long time, and it is still in the top 10 in the world. The average height of men in their 20s and 30s is 181.5cm and the average female height is 167.0cm. Similar to Norway, the northern region is very cold due to a very cold climate.[23] There is a lot of criticism that it feels bigger. The average weight of adult men is 89kg and the average weight of adult women is 70kg.

It is also where the environmental movement called plogging started .

It was claiming to be a neutral country under the Social Democratic Labor Party government, and there was a time when the birth rate was quite low.[24] Immigration and refugee policies were implemented, and many Eastern and Southern European immigrants and refugees were accepted. As a result, the share of immigrants and their descendants in the total population increased to about 25% of the total population. However, after that, the number of Iraqi Swedes , refugees from Somalia, Eritrea, and Afghanistan exploded, and from the late 2000s to the 2010s, the global recession caused by the subprime mortgage crisis gradually reduced welfare, and as the welfare for immigrants also decreased, dissatisfaction among immigrants this soared. This led to riots by immigrants and refugees in 2013 . For your information, the reason for the riot was black propaganda and agitation. The police shot a Portuguese man holding a knife, and as the lie that this was an attack on people of color spread, young refugees from Somalia, Eritrea, and Afghanistan unexpectedly staged a riot . it caused

Recently, immigrants and refugees are forming ghettos in large cities in Sweden , and crimes are committed by them. Banners recruiting IS members were even hung in refugee camps inside Sweden by Islamist missionaries. The threat of terrorism has increased due to fundamentalist Muslim immigrants and refugees, and as a result, the Swedish Democratic Party, a racist far-right group that advocates anti-immigration and anti-Islamism, is growing in power. However, many immigrants are Christians from neighboring countries such as Finland , Eastern Europe such as Poland , Ukraine , Bosnia , and Croatia , as well as Syria and Iraq .

Until the 2000s, the power of the extreme right was weak, but as riots by immigrants and refugees increased due to the economic downturn, the Sweden Democratic Party (Sverigedemokraterna) secured seats (20/349 seats) in the 2010 general election, and significantly increased the number of seats to 49 in the 2014 general election, advancing to become the third largest party and securing a significant level of support. However, even within Sweden, other political parties refuse to form a coalition with the Sweden Democrats, and due to concerns that Sweden's image will be tarnished by the Sweden Democrats, they are regularly excluded from invitations to the Nobel Prize ceremony. However, in recent years, party leader Lee Okesson has swept out hawks within the party who make blatant racist remarks and has moved to emphasize anti-Islamism rather than racism. In 2015, about 163,000 people applied for refugee status in Sweden, making it the country that receives the most refugees relative to its population. Due to this influence, the Swedish government's refugee policy became increasingly tougher, and the Sweden Democratic Party ranked first in political party approval ratings at 27.6%. #

2024 On September 13 , Swedish authorities announced that they would pay up to $34,000 (about 45 million won, 324,650 Swedish Krona) to refugees returning to their country starting in 2026 . Other European countries ( Denmark , France , Germany , Norway ) are also implementing this policy, so it is expected that the policy will be implemented unless something happens.

In Sweden, tuition is free up to university for nationals, and other than that, welfare for education is good.

The school system is 9 years of elementary school[25] - It consists of 3 years of high school and 4 years of university.

The childcare system is evaluated as well-equipped around the world. Sweden has long since started to manage population decline because it has become socially important.

Early childhood education and elementary, middle and high school education are completely free at national and public institutions. Because so much of the education budget is allocated, the overall level of education is considered to be acceptable, but from the late 2000s to the 2010s, there was a debate over whether or not to adopt another country's education system due to declining academic performance.

Education in Sweden is indoctrination. It's from a high school textbook . Swedish mathematics is at a level where only memorization and calculation are required. Other subjects are no different. Subjects are not optional. Only a small number of subjects are taught in school .[26]

There is one private school that follows the IB curriculum that emphasizes philosophy, discussion techniques, thesis writing, creativity, service, and physical education in Stockholm . It is difficult to enter the top school. Follow the IB course even if you send it to several private schools that require at least 200,000 krn per year. Public schools that follow the IB curriculum are SSHL, a public school that graduated from the current Swedish king Karl XVI, and is in a difficult position to go to school.[27] IB private schools only support IBDP, and Stockholm's public schools may be supported not only the MYP, which is the middle school course of IB, as well as PYP, which is an elementary school. In universities in Sweden, IB scores are very unfavorable,[28] If the medical school must take all the goal chemistry, physics, and biology classes.[29] There is also a way to get a certificate separately by adding natural science courses, but it is also a way to find a school that supports Irregular Diploma, which sacrifices all natural sciences by sacrificing to GROUP 3. There is an IB public school that supports this, including SSHL.

Swedes do not have to pay tuition at any educational institution within Sweden, regardless of whether it is a private institution or not. In order to get into a famous school, you have to have very good grades, but if you can get in, you will receive all support, including tuition. However, because government agencies or companies in other countries do not provide tuition for children of workers dispatched to the country, they must pay the tuition themselves. Because gymnasiums are specialized, you can enroll in any number of schools where you can receive free education as long as you have a mid-level score or higher, although it is not IB . If your grades are low, you may end up going to a regular school or, in extreme cases, not be able to go to any school. Choosing good schools that suit your aptitude requires a great deal of effort, and in the case of people from other countries who lack information, there are many situations where there are no options, so they often end up going to schools that native Swedes avoid or go to prestigious schools.

Home schooling is illegal. Thus, parents who want home schooling often move to Finland (mainly Swedish, Turku , Bassa , etc. ).[30]

high school in sweden It is said that graduation means ‘leaving one’s parents.’ Related article It is known that the average age of young people leaving their parents' home is 26 in other European countries, while in Sweden it is 18.5. With the belief that true independence and freedom come from economic self-reliance, the Swedish government actively supported women 's economic activities and, starting in 1972, designed a system in which the state would take responsibility for increasing welfare for the elderly and children without economic capabilities. That is the declaration called ‘Family of the Future’ (Familjen i Framtid). The core of the declaration is to dismantle the traditional dependency between families and “create a society where all members of society live freely and independently .”

First of all, Swedish high school students are able to become independent the moment they become full-time university students. As of 2020, you can receive 3,292 kronor in basic payment (free support) from the government every 4 weeks , and 7,568 kronor in student loan (paid support) , a total of 10,860 kronor (about 1.4 million won). Because education is free in Sweden , you can graduate from university without parental help with about 10,000 kronor for living expenses . Thanks to the Swedish education system that emphasizes equality and independent education, Swedish youth act as independent individuals from the moment they graduate from high school, pursue equal relationships with their parents , and believe that no one can interfere in their lives .

There is a college entrance exam called Högskoleprobet, which is equivalent to the CSAT in Korea or the SAT in the United States.

University tuition is free for nationals and EU nationals, and tuition is charged for non-EU nationals.

The application for the doctoral course is better than in other countries, but it is a structure in which a professor in the desired field must submit a job posting to get admission, and the number of recruits is small, so if a talented person applies together with him, he cannot be admitted.

In Sweden, lectures in some majors are taught in English . As mentioned earlier, Swedish people have excellent English skills, and it is said that English conversation is very easy.

 more detailsSweden/Welfare documentcastPlease note.

Sweden has a good welfare system and is often the first country mentioned when talking about a welfare state .

It is known that medical expenses in Sweden are completely free, but although there are differences depending on the local government, on average, up to SEK 1300 per year is paid out of pocket, and there is no out-of-pocket cost after that. This year is calculated based on the first hospital visit of the year. Therefore, the burden of medical expenses for secondary patients is less than in Korea, but since more than 90% of medical institutions are run by the government or with government support, it is not easy to see a doctor, and when inquiring over the phone, the people who provide consultation are nurses, and they always tell you to endure for about two weeks with medicines (ibuprofen and paracetamol) that can be obtained at pharmacies. For this reason, it is often reported that cancer patients are mistaken for simple indigestion, colds, etc. and end up visiting in the terminal stage or dying at home. However, as a country where telemedicine is legal, it also provides opportunities to easily meet nurses, doctors, or psychologists through various telemedicine apps. It is difficult to reach the upper limit of SEK1300 for exemption from medical expenses without getting sick frequently and severely. The amount paid per hospital visit is SEK200-250, and the emergency room is free. Since drug prices are also protected by an upper limit, the burden of medical expenses is considerably less.

Dental care is expensive. However, there is a system where a portion of the amount can be compensated for expensive treatment, and adults are allocated SEK600 per year as dental assistance expenses, which can be saved for two years. In other words, you can benefit up to SEK1200 for two years. However, the cost of a visual examination is about SEK600 and the cost of scaling starts from SEK1200, so there are few people who get regular checkups every year like in Korea. The standard of dental care is very high, and the place where implants were first invented was in Gothenburg, Sweden. Additionally, you can receive free dental care until the age of 24, which is a great welfare benefit.

Benefits other than medical care are as described above in other items.

Although security is generally good as in Northern Europe, the problem of sex crimes seems to be statistically serious among OECD countries. The murder rate is very low at around 1 per 100,000, but in the case of sex crimes , according to a survey of 42,000 women in the country by the European Commission for Fundamental Rights, 46% of Swedish women have experienced violence/ sexual violence , ranking third in Europe. It became. According to UN statistics, rape is also very high, ranking second in the world.

However, this is also because the standards for counting sexual crimes are different from other countries. If a sex offender sexually assaults one victim every day for a year, in most countries this count is overlapped and punished as one crime, whereas in Sweden he is punished for each day. This is because each act is treated as an individual crime and punished. In response to this, the Swedish government also claims that this is because repeated rapes are classified and counted in different cases in Sweden, and that if the tally is calculated based on the number of victim surveys, it will be at the European average . Taking this into account, Professor Liz Kelly of London Metropolitan University concluded that it was higher than average in Europe, but not overwhelmingly so . #

Unlike the widely known myths, even if the condom is torn during a relationship, it is not established for rape. In the beginning, the definition of rape in Sweden's law is not 'consensus' itself, and it is a country that focuses on the degree of violence.[31] For reference, the lawyer of Julian Fish Mountain claimed that the definition of Sweden was accused of rape and accused of rape, but the charges of fishing areas were rebutted as clear rape in England.[32] Of course, the claim that it would be taken to the United States was dismissed and eventually repatriated, and Fishery was not able to go out of the Ecuadorian Embassy in London , England.

However, regardless of statistics, the rate of criminals imprisoned in prison is one of the lowest among OECD countries, and even this has decreased, leading to the closure of two prisons in 2013. In fact, this is because in the case of minor criminals whose crimes are not serious, they are dealt with in a way that provides as much reform as possible through inmate education. In fact, this is the same in other Nordic countries such as Norway and Finland. To summarize, in Sweden, people who commit bad crimes are put in prison, and if they are not guilty, they are re-educated.

Since 2016, Swedish police have been publishing crime-prone areas (Utsatt område).[33]

Sweden's biker gangs are also famous for being cruel and violent enough to be a mob. Once a power fight broke out, the army steals Carl Gustav's non -Korean Koreans and fires at the opponent's gang clubhouse . Health Angels also has a branch here. In addition, immigrant gangs like Brödraskapet, such as gangs, Lebanon Mafia and Serbian Mafia are excited to fight rice bowls. Gizmondo is also an incident that the Uppsala Mafia tries to wash money.

Meanwhile, Sweden is also famous for neo-Nazis, and neo-Nazi political parties have emerged since the 1950s. In the 80s and 90s, far-right youth, including skinheads , committed murders, bombings, and other crimes, and foreign media also reported that there were surprisingly many neo-Nazis compared to the population. Major incidents committed by neo-Nazis and far-right figures during this period include the John Osonius serial murder case in 1991-1992 and the murder of police officer Malexander in 1999. The Nordic Resistance Movement , a neo-Nazi political party based in Sweden, has been designated a terrorist organization by the U.S. government .

In 2023, as the country has failed to accept immigrants and refugees indiscriminately and integrate them into society, gun and drug crimes have increased rapidly due to income gap, social inequality, and poverty, making it impossible to be free from immigration and refugee problems like France and Germany. . # ##

In fact, Sweden was a safe country to wander around in the middle of the night until the European refugee crisis . Especially in mid-summer, in June, when the midnight sun reached its peak, the sun did not set even after midnight, so it was okay for children to wander around at midnight. In fact, there is no country in the world without gangsters, except for Vatican City .[34] However, during the refugee crisis, violent crime and disorder arose in return for the Swedish government's tolerance towards refugees. Even now, places with few Muslims are safe, but most Muslims are spread outside the northern region near the Arctic Circle, and they are forcing the introduction of Sharia and conversion to Islam.

However, the deterioration of public security is only limited to the capital city of Stockholm and Malmo, and other regions other than these areas show little change in public security and still have stable public security comparable to the Northern European average.

Henning Mankel's famous Swedish crime novel 'Wallander series'[35] In Edo, neo-Nazis causing an incident are depicted.

As of 2018, approximately 67% of the population was counted as Protestant. Of these, 61.2% are Lutheran Churches and 3.8% are Free Churches.[36] counted as believers. Additionally, due to the influence of Muslim immigrants and refugees, approximately 8% of the Swedish population is said to be Muslim as of 2018.[37] The majority of them are Muslims with secular tendencies, like Zlatan Ibrahimovic .

Since the Reformation, it has been a country with a strong Lutheran tradition.[38] Unlike Norwegian , the standard orthography was established early thanks to the early translation of the Bible .

Lutheran church believers made up the majority until the first half of the 20th century , but as Sweden rapidly secularized after the 1960s, the number of believers slowly decreased from the late 1980s. The issue of forced church tax, as mentioned in the section on asset gap rather than voluntary donations, also contributed to the departure of young people. In 2003, some clergy who believed that the existing Swedish Anglican Church had deviated too much from orthodox doctrine and the Bible organized a group under the name of 'Mission Province' (missionsprovinsen) .

According to a Eurobarometer survey in 2010, only 18% of respondents acknowledged the existence of God, and in a Gallup poll conducted in 2009, the previous year, only 17% said the church occupied an important place in their lives . . In a word, it can be said that in Sweden today, more people regard Lutheranism as a cultural foundation rather than as a serious religion.

Entering the 21st century, the number of immigrants and refugees with Islamic fundamentalist tendencies is increasing in Sweden. Because they are culturally heterogeneous, there is conflict with other residents in Sweden.

Marriage immigration from Thailand[39] Or, in the case of people who come to work at Thai restaurants, they believe in Theravada Buddhism .

A large number of Assyrians belonging to the Mandaya Church, a minority sect oppressed in the Middle East , and Assyrian Church of the East fled to Sweden. Today, it is said that there is serious discussion within the Mandaya religious community that the center should be moved from Iraq to Sweden.

Public broadcaster SVT[40] and private broadcasters TV3 and TV4, as well as kunskapskanalen and SVT Barn like Korea's EBS. There is also TV 1000 as a paid adult channel.

Most of the programs aired on the above channels are mainly news and popular/unpopular English-speaking programs with Swedish subtitles, and sometimes self-produced documentaries and dramas (ex. solsidan) are also aired.

In Sweden, like Norway and Denmark, TV commercials did not exist at all until the 1980s. This is because, when society was more conservative than now, there was a strong public opinion that allowing TV advertisements would reduce the quality of public broadcasting and lead to moral degradation.[41] Since the late 1960s, as society has become freer, voices have been raised that commercials should be allowed, but the authorities still did not listen. Then, in the 1980s, with the abolition of the public monopoly system and the opening of satellite broadcasting TV3, commercial broadcasting was allowed, and in 1992, commercial broadcasting was completely liberalized with the opening of private terrestrial broadcaster TV4.

Astrid Lindgren 's fairy tale Pippi the Shrew is famous.

crime[42] It is also a country that has been receiving a lot of attention since the 2000s because of its expertise in genre novels such as , horror and thriller . The Millennium Series and Let Me In are representative.

A Man Called Ove and The 100 Year Old Man Who Climbed Out the Window and Disappeared are also famous.

 more detailsswedish movie documentcastPlease note.

It is one of the musical cultural powerhouses of Northern Europe and is a country where soft Swedish pop , radical death metal , black metal , and flashy Euro electronic music coexist.

Together with Ukraine and Italy , it holds the title of Eurovision's strongest country at the moment. Eurovision Song Contest winner seven times[43] The fact that this achievement proves how outstanding Sweden is in music. Also, along with Italy, there is almost no chance of missing out on the championship title every year.

Among countries outside the English-speaking world, it is the place with the most developed metal music , along with Norway and Finland . Among the actual metal genres, there is also a genre called NWOSDM (New Wave of Swedish Death Metal). Bands in this genre include Dark Tranquility , At the Gates , Soilwork , In Flames , and Arch Enemy . What's interesting is that these bands all come from Gothenburg, a large city in Sweden. That is why Gothenburg is called the mecca of melodic death metal . Currently, this genre called metalcore is created by mixing melodic death metal and American hardcore . Sabaton, a metal band that sings war-related songs, and Hammerfall, famous for Hearts On Fire, are also from here. The metal band Europe, famous for The Final Countdown, is also a Swedish band. Meshuggah , the band from which Djent is rooted, is also a Swedish band.

Not only heavy metal, but also Swedish rock, which made use of its own color with dreamy sounds, is also popular as a cult, and representatively, there are Club 8 , Kent , and Cardigans .

Although it is not metal, there are also bands that are famous for making extreme rock music. Representative examples include Refused , who became one of the legends of hardcore punk by releasing the legendary album The Shape Of Punk To Come in 1998 , and Brainbombs, who are revered as legends of noise rock . In particular, Brainbombs is famous for its extreme, explicit, and violent lyrics, which are completely different from the peaceful and quiet feel of Sweden, and has been subject to criticism several times ( representative work "Obey" ). Although it is not a very widely known band, it is a very famous band among enthusiasts. Among popular bands, Hives , one of the mainstays of the garage rock revival, is famous.

Rock musicians from various genres such as First Aid Kit , Viagra Boys , and Weather Day are gaining popularity.

This is why popular music is also one of Sweden's best exports. In fact, Sweden is the country with the second most exporting music after the United States and the United Kingdom. The most influential producer Max Martin from the 1970s to 1980s , Roxette , Ace of Base , and Ace of Base, who swept the world in the early 1990s , and the most influential producer Max Martin in the pop market from the 1990s to 2010s are also from Sweden.

The Real Group, a quite famous a cappella group in Korea , is also from Sweden. And the nationality of singer Caramell (now Caramella Girls ), who sang “Carameldansen,” the original song from Ut Ut U Ma Uma, is Swedish. In 2004, an album sung in Swedish by a psychedelic rock band called Dungen succeeded in entering the American indie rock market.[44] In addition, Radio Department, famous for the insert song of Person of Interest and Marie Antoinette (movie) , and Lasse Lindh, who lives in Korea and is also nicknamed Sinchon Lindh , are also Swedish artists. Singer-songwriter Tove Lo , who has been in the spotlight since 2014, and Zara Larson, who has been in the spotlight for collaborating with Clean Bandit in 2017, are Swedish.

In terms of electronica music, especially the EDM scene, it is a country that ranks among the great powerhouses along with the UK , Germany , and the Netherlands . There is Eric Prydz , who has a long reputation in the house industry, and the Swedish House Mafia trio, Avicii and Alesso, who are leading the globalization of Swedish house with commercial potential . As a side note, Simon Viklund, the music producer for the Payday 2 game, is also Swedish, and Galantis is also a Swedish duo. If you look at indie labels such as NCS , most of them are Swedish or Dutch producers.[45]

Surprisingly, there is music similar to trot in Korea , and that is Dansband . As the name suggests, it originally originated from the 'Oburi' band, and unlike the other genres above, it can be seen as music aimed strictly at the middle-aged and elderly.[46]

Since the mid-2010s, K-POP has given outsourcing to foreign composers, with a lot of Swedish outsourcing composers. Among them, the most global hit record as of 2024 is Fifty Fifty 's CUPID .[47]

In addition, SPOTIFY, the world's No. 1 streaming platform, is also a Swedish company.

As a side note, the Swedish folk song Herr Mannelig has become a song that represents Sweden to foreigners.

Sweden is one of the world's leading countries in video game development, and is the country where Minecraft , the best-selling game in history and a living legend, was produced. In addition, a variety of globally popular games ranging from indie games to AAA games have been produced, such as the Battlefield series , Geometry Dash , Valheim , Little Nightmare series , Granny series , Payday series , Goat Simulator , and Hotline Miami .

Also, Paradox Interactive , which is famous for its simulation game production , and King , which is famous for Candy Crush Saga, are also companies that started in Stockholm, Sweden.

Traditionally, healthy sexual behavior is encouraged, and free condoms are distributed at youth welfare facilities, school health centers, and counseling centers. Any youth who wishes can visit and receive one. In the 1984 movie Splash, starring Tom Hanks, the country was featured as a country good at producing pornography. Prostitution is prohibited by law, those who sell sex are defined as weaker than those who purchase sex, and punishment is focused on punishing those who purchase sex. However, no actual punishment is carried out.

There is a sex education subject called ‘Sex och samlevnad’ in the regular middle school curriculum , which provides extremely realistic and useful information. Basically, the main content is how to prevent sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancies.[48] Among the contents of the class is putting a condom on a model. However, this is a class that is taught not only in Sweden but also in other Western countries.

Perception of homosexuality is also very tolerant, with legislation recognizing same-sex couples being passed since 1994, and same-sex marriage becoming fully legal in 2009. So, in Polandball, it appears as the official gay country, and in Scandinavia and the World , the character corresponding to Sweden appears as a homosexual. In the 2019 Eurobarometer survey on “Should homosexuality be socially acceptable?” 99% responded “yes”, a higher figure than the Netherlands (97%).

Of course, Sweden was not tolerant of homosexuality from the beginning. Until 1944, there was a law officially punishing homosexuality, and until 1979, homosexuality was officially defined as a 'disease'. Accordingly, sexual minorities and social activists organized the Coalition for Gender Equality (RFSL) and promoted a movement to eliminate discrimination against homosexuals for a long time, and the result was this. As an interesting anecdote, among the methods of struggle of activists at the time was the ‘sick leave struggle.’ As mentioned earlier, they take advantage of the fact that homosexuality is defined as a disease and take sick leave by saying, "I have strong homosexual feelings today, so I will take a break."

See Alsbens Khan , Swedish national soccer team . The best performances are the 1958 World Cup runner -up, and the famous players include Zlatan Ibrahimovic , Victor Lindeluf , Frederick Jungberry , Henrik Larsson , Thomas Brolin , Victor Jocheres , Alexander Isaac , Dejan Kulluceski and Lucas Berry . On the Nordic side, it is one of the strongest teams and has made some achievements in international competitions such as the World Cup runner -up, but "Is it a strong team?" It is not that, but it feels far from the strongest European teams such as Germany , Italy , France and Spain .

However, Sweden is known for winning against strong teams. At one time, it was called England's natural enemy, and even showed the elimination of Italy in the 2018 FIFA World Cup European qualifiers .[49]

In the World Cup, it came out steadily enough to have a record of advancing to the final round a total of 12 times, but failed to advance to the final round in the 2010 and 2014 competitions . In the 2018 tournament, they were in the same group as Korea. Lost to Germany in the group stage, but advanced to the round of 16 by beating South Korea and Mexico in first place, and then defeated Switzerland, who drew with Brazil 1-0, to advance to the quarterfinals, but lost 0-2 to England in the quarterfinals. .

In 2022, Poland failed to qualify for the World Cup.

As a Nordic country, it is naturally a powerhouse in many winter sports and records high results at every Winter Olympics. But despite this, the Winter Olympics have never been held.

As it is a Nordic country, ice hockey is one of the most popular sports and ranks second in the world. The main rival is the neighboring country's strongest team, Finland, and the rivalry between the two is quite fierce.

It is a country that has spent the longest season in the Championship Group, the first division of the IIHF World Championship, and has never been relegated to a lower group since participating in the competition. Recently, he won consecutive championships in 2017 and 2018.

It operates the SHL , the ice hockey league with the third largest fan base in Europe, with approximately 6,000 spectators per game .

Just looking at the players produced by this country, there are Mats Sundin , Daniel Alfredsson , Niklas Liedström , Henrikh Lundqvist , and the twins Henrikh Sedin and Daniel Sedin .

Although it is not well known, he is also very good at table tennis. It is one of only three countries other than China to have won a gold medal in table tennis at the Olympics.[50]

To date, the only non-Chinese Grand Slammer, Jan-Ove Baldner , is from this country.

After a dark period of 20 years after Jan-Ove Waldner, he achieved good results again at the 2024 Paris Olympics .

In the end, despite being blocked by China, he won the men's singles silver medal.[51] , achieved a great result by winning a silver medal in the men's team event.

Best FPS country. Since the days of Counter-Strike , it has already been at the top of the world. Starting with the legendary Heaton Emil Christensen and SK Gaming, one of the world's best clans, the Swedish team has been the mainstay, and in the current Counter-Strike: Global Offensive, the Swedish team Fnatic , Ninjas in Pajamas , etc. It ranks in the world's top rankings. In most major tournaments, it is enough to make it to the top 4.

The infrastructure related to FPS games, centered on the Counter-Strike series and the Quake series, has been solid for a very long time as it has been built since the early days of e-sports and is currently operated at the highest level in the world, and other Nordic countries around it are also at a very high level, so it is serving as a foundation for mutual growth through friendly competition. The cultural, financial, and human industrial base represented by 'Inferno Online' and 'Begrip' is constantly active, and the tradition and know-how are maintained to this day.

In Overwatch, star players such as Andre Dahlström of Fnatic , Kevin Lindström of former Rogue , and Sebastian Widlund of Team EnVyUs all have a spot on most Western professional teams. In the 2016 Overwatch World Cup, where Blizzard voted for teams, the lowest-ranked team among the six players was Luminosity Gaming , ranked 8th , and the Swedish team, which included the two star players mentioned above, was considered the strongest candidate for the championship. In the 2017 Overwatch World Cup, they had difficulty advancing to the quarterfinals, including an unexpected draw against Portugal.

He stands out not only in FPS but also in other games, including Marcus Eklov and Johan Lucesi , who made a name for themselves in the early days of StarCraft 2 , and Kungen , who recorded numerous WFKs in World of Warcraft . His engineering team, which continued from the Nihilum era to Ensidia, was mainly composed of Swedish members. In Dota 2 , Alliance (professional gaming team) , the king of Rat Dota and the winner of TI3 , is a Swedish team.

In League of Legends, LEC 's representative star Lesles is from Sweden. There are also many pro gamers such as Yaik, Pin , Kriz, Memento , Lasen , Beth, Yanan, PromisQ , and so on .

 more detailsSwedish cuisine documentcastPlease note.

Meatballs , also known as a 3-minute dish, are a traditional Swedish food. It is served with gravy and lingonberry jam rather than the tomato sauce that comes to mind when thinking of meatballs, and is widely sold at IKEA, making it a very famous food around the world. Absolut Vodka, famous for its artistically designed bottles and advertisements, is also made in Sweden. In the north, people also eat surströmming , a fermented food unique to Sweden . Hot dogs, kebabs, and felafel are often eaten as street food.

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It is said that there is a customary culture of non-hospitality, which is completely opposite to the world-wide custom of hospitality , in that even if a guest comes to the house, a meal is not served to the invited guest unless a separate appointment has been made . At the end of May 2022, the story about this became known worldwide through the Internet and became controversial.

In the case of road traffic, before September 2, 1967, it was the last country in continental Europe to stick to the left-hand driving system. However, due to increased traffic volume and concerns that confusion may arise when traveling to and from neighboring countries (Norway, Denmark, and Finland) , it was changed to right-hand driving only for road traffic after September 3, 1967 . In Sweden, this day is called Dagen H. As a country known for its good road conditions, all kinds of cutting-edge speed reduction measures have been introduced to reduce traffic accidents. Since 2014, there has been a law requiring drivers to drive less than 40 km/h in downtown areas. Additionally, the fines for parking violations are quite high. For this reason , there are many Koreans in Sweden who drive like they do in Korea and are subject to heavy fines .

In Korea, English driver's licenses are recognized. If you have held a Swedish residence permit for more than one year, you can exceptionally extend the period of use of your driver's license by the period of your residence permit by applying to the Swedish Road Administration. For Swedish permanent residents, in principle, a Swedish driver's license must be issued after taking a test in accordance with the Swedish Driver's License Act.

Car brands Volvo , Volvo trucks , Saab , and Scania are famous, but with the acquisition of Scania by Volkswagen Group in 2008, the acquisition of Volvo by Zhejiang Geely Holding Group in 2010, and the disappearance of Saab Automobiles in 2014, the only true Swedish brand is commercial vehicles. Only Volvo trucks remain.

The railway was operated under a fully state-owned system from 1888 to 2001 and was called Statens Järnvägar (Swedish State Railways) . Starting in 2001, it moved to a partial privatization system and was split into seven public enterprises, including SJ AB. There is a high-speed rail line named SJ 2000 . Unlike roads, track traffic maintains left-hand traffic .

In the case of aviation, there is Scandinavian Airlines, which is the flag carrier and a joint airline of Norway, Denmark and Sweden .

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There is no substitute holiday system.

Janteloven in Danish and Law of Jante in English. Social morals or behavioral rules widely used in Northern Nordic countries, including Denmark and Sweden , similar to the Ten Commandments of Northern European society. In short, you should not think of yourself as special or better than others. It is a moral view that criticizes individualism or meritocracy that pursues self-interest, prioritizes the interests of the community, and places more emphasis on harmony and coexistence with others. This is the cultural background in which Northern European countries became welfare states that pursue equality and the common good. Therefore, the difference in real income according to educational background or ability is not large, and the college entrance rate is not high. There are 10 rules below. However, there are people in Sweden, such as the Wallenberg family and Alfred Nobel , who have amassed or amassed wealth . In this case, emphasis is placed on how much they have contributed to society, and elements that fail to contribute or cause harm to society are severely criticized. For example, it is said that the Wallenberg family received enormous criticism from all sides in the 20th century for its monopoly. #

The official language, of course, is Swedish . Swedish is a North Germanic language that is in line with neighboring countries such as Danish and Norwegian , so there is a level of communication with each other, but Swedish has a unique pronunciation called 'voiceless postalveolar fricative'.[52] In the northern regions, there are residents who speak a Finn-Ugor language.

Like all Nordic countries, most people in Sweden speak English fluently. This is partly because English and Swedish are from the same Germanic language family , and partly because English education is well implemented in Sweden. In fact, the percentage of English speakers in Sweden is 86%, similar to Canada .[53][54] There is a distinctive European accent that may be difficult for non-native English speakers to distinguish, but is recognizable to native English speakers. However, it is true that Swedes have good English skills. For example, Swedish environmental activist Greta Thunberg speaks English at an almost native level. Additionally, PewDiePie, a world-famous YouTuber from Sweden, also uploads YouTube videos in native English. In the case of PewDiePie, he speaks perfectly American English , except for the sudden and unusual pronunciation of some rarely used words, so even if you watch all of his YouTube videos, it is difficult to think that he is from a non-English speaking country without any background knowledge.

As a result, there are quite a few Swedish actors working in Hollywood . There are many Swedish actors, including legendary actors Ingrid Bergman and Greta Garbo , and are still active today, such as Alicia Vikander .

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※ Excluding works from those countries.