Kuwait

A constitutional monarchy in the northeastern Arabian Peninsula , bordering the Persian Gulf . The Kuwaiti Shekhdom was established in 1752, and about 80 years later, it became an autonomous territory of the Ottoman Empire , before becoming a British protectorate in the early 20th century to seek protection from the Ottoman Empire . According to Saddam Hussein 's claim during the Gulf War , Kuwait was historically Iraqi territory and Iraq's 19th province, but this is denied under international law. See Kuwait/History and Iraq-Kuwait Relations . The year Kuwait became completely independent was 1961 .

The official name of the country is 'Kuwait (دولة الكويت, Dawlat al-Kuwayt)'. It is commonly known as Kuwait in its English form, but in Arabic it is الكويت (Al-Kuwait), which means 'a fortress built near water '. The capital is Kuwait City (مدينة الكويت, Madinat Al Quwait). The capital and country name are the same . The country's area is about 18,000㎢.

The population is approximately 4.3 million as of 2021, with approximately 70% of the total population being foreigners . The specific population ratio is about 31% Kuwaiti citizens, about 28% from other Arab countries, about 38% from Asia (mainly South / Southeast Asia ), about 2% from Africa , and about 1% from other countries. The official language is Arabic , but English is also widely spoken.

Compared to its territorial area and national power, it is a world-class oil-producing country, and due to oil issues , it suffered an invasion by Saddam Hussein 's regime in Iraq in the 1990s . However, during the Gulf War , when Iraq withdrew from Kuwait due to the multinational coalition forces, in a fit of anger they set fire to about 600 of the 700 oil fields scattered across Kuwait , leaving long-term aftereffects. Afterwards, during the Iraq War in the 2000s , tens of billions of dollars were wasted while covering enormous military expenses .

It is the world's 9th and 10th largest energy riches and has a small population, and per capita is the world's No. 1 in the world's second -largest Qatar . There are 2 million people in the country, and the oil is enough, and there are as many as 3 million foreign workers, and most adult men are engaged in public officials who do not need a lot of professionalism. Of course, all public education is free, and the investment in education is considerable. However, the level of public education is not good, but the dependence rate of private education is high, and it costs a lot of money, but there are many cases of entering private schools .

Reflecting the high level of education, the number of newspapers per population is the highest in the Arab region, and it is ranked in the top 10 in the world.

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When looking at summer alone, it is one of the hottest regions on Earth. The heat usually starts around March and is at its peak between July and August. During this period, the average midday temperature soars to about 46-47°C, and in severe cases, to over 50°C. Although it has a dry climate, it is close to the sea, so humidity and minimum temperature are very high.

However, from December to February, when such a hot country is winter, it turns into autumn weather in Korea. The temperature drops and it is quite chilly at night. The rainfall is small, but the rain often comes, and sometimes the lightning strikes. When it rains, it is usually accompanied by sand storms that are blowing in the desert . Once it rains, the outdoor bench or flower bed becomes a muddy water, and the clothes they are wearing becomes a mess. Be careful not to see a few drops.

Therefore , in order to stay in Kuwait for a long time, cotton tee, palmosi, and sunscreen to withstand summer sunlight must be required .

Although it is a constitutional monarchy with a constitution , the prime minister is a member of the Sabah family, and the king has the right to dissolve parliament. In practice, it is a country that feels like an autocratic monarchy ruled by an emir . Of course, after the Gulf War, many political systems were liberalized under the influence of the United States.[7] In the current state of Kuwait, the opposition party has done well in the elections and is able to come up with reformative legislation, so it is much better than countries such as Saudi Arabia.

However , in many cases, opposition party members are imprisoned for criticizing the king or are restricted in many ways, such as by gerrymandering by the king, and women's suffrage was only introduced in the 21st century. In absolute terms, the level of democracy is not evaluated as high. Still, general elections are held every four years, with 50 seats elected directly and 15 seats indirectly elected by a committee directly under the King.

The kingship was not an unconditional hereditary succession through sons or brothers , but descendants of King Mubarak al-Sabah 's eldest son Jabir and second son Salem took turns in power. However, in 2006, after King Saad al-Salem, a member of the Salem family, stepped down due to illness and Sabah al-Jabir ascended the throne, the power of the Jabir family grew stronger, and this law was gradually cracking.

It pursues secularism and is quite open like Bahrain for a Middle Eastern country. In particular, as the royal family pursues secularism and prohibits fanaticism, women are not forced to wear hijab and niqab, which are Islamic attire, and forcing them is prohibited by law.

However, socially, there are still cases where women are forced to wear Islamic clothing. Particularly in national and public schools, which are heavily conservative, there are cases where teachers or professors openly criticize female students' attire. However, in general, hijab is a choice, not an obligation.

Until the mid-2010s, it was difficult to see skirts that exposed the knees or sleeveless clothes that exposed the shoulders, but recently, many women can be seen wearing skirts or sleeveless clothes that reach above the knees.

First of all, the royal family adheres to secularism and seeks to legally protect women's human rights, so princesses and other female figures in the media sometimes wear Western clothes, but in reality, they are not so open-minded.

Even worse, if a foreign man going out exchanges even a few words with a Kuwaiti woman he meets on the street, the police may immediately come rushing in and impose sanctions. The police may say that they are protecting their country's women, but when you see that they do not even ask or question whether women really want to talk, it is correct to say that they are simply suppressing women's free will.

Since 2014, when he tries to reduce welfare due to the plunging of oil prices, the opposition party of the Muslim Brotherhood and Salapist won nearly 24 seats on November 26, 2016, but only one female candidate was elected. # #

At the end of September 2020, the aged Sabah Al-Jabir Emir, born in 1929, passed away, and his half-brother Nawaf Al-Jabir , born in 1937, was appointed as the new emir.

In the general election held in Kuwait on December 5, 2020, the opposition party made progress by securing a majority of seats, but not a single female candidate was elected. #

Since both Emir Nawaf and his half-brother and new successor, Mishal al-Jaber (born in 1940), are elderly, there are many expectations that his children's generation will be candidates for successor after Mishal ascends to the throne as emir.

In the case of Saudi Arabia, a neighboring country , the throne was similarly inherited by brothers. After Salman bin Abdulaziz ascended to the throne, he chose his nephew, Muhammad bin Nayef, as his successor. However, he was soon dethroned and Salman's own son, Muhammad bin Salman , became the successor.

In Kuwait, it is not yet known whether Meshaal will nominate his nephew as successor when the candidacy is passed on to his children's generation, or whether he will nominate his son like Saudi Arabia.

On July 24, 2022, Emir Nawaf appointed his eldest son, Ahmad Nawaf al-Ahmad al-Sabah, as prime minister.

With the death of Emir Nawaf on December 16, 2023, Crown Prince Mishal succeeded to the throne. Afterwards, Muhammad Sabah Al-Salem Al-Sabah of the Salem family was appointed as prime minister, making it the first prime minister from the Salem family in about 18 years since Sabah III.

Kuwait cannot be said to be completely free from Islamic fundamentalism . In particular, in Kuwait, criticism of Islam is still prohibited and punishable as blasphemy. Missionary activities of religions other than Islam are also prohibited. In 2003, Yasser al-Habeb, a Kuwaiti critic of Islam, was sentenced to three months in prison and was forced to seek asylum in Britain. In particular, when he fled to England and criticized Islam, he was sentenced to 15 years in prison in absentia in Kuwait, and protests erupted to condemn his comments. # In 2012, the Kuwaiti parliament banned the construction of new churches.[8] A law was passed that punished blasphemy for criticizing Islam with the death penalty, but fortunately it was defeated when the king vetoed it. #

In any case, according to Kuwait's constitution, the state religion is Islam, but religious freedom is also guaranteed (Articles 29 and 35), and although there are very few (290 people according to the 2018 census), there are Christians among Kuwaiti nationals. Of course, even though it is constitutionally correct, Kuwaitis converting to other religions is often criticized. It is strange that there is religious freedom but missionary work is prohibited, but Kuwait's law is a mixture of Sharia law, British law, and the law of the Ottoman Empire. Apart from this, there is no problem for foreigners to believe in other religions, and in fact, most foreigners living in Kuwait, but 25% of Kuwaiti residents are Christians and Hindus . When you go to stores or shopping malls in Kuwait during Christmas, there are so many colorful Christmas decorations that you sometimes wonder if this is a country next to Saudi Arabia. However, there are quite a few Kuwaiti people who are against Christmas festivities and decorations, and conversely, there are quite a few who don't care, so the debate for and against Christmas is quite a sensitive topic in Kuwait.

The majority of the people are Sunni Muslims, but Shia Muslims are also quite large, accounting for 35-40% of the total population. That being said, it is not that there is no Sunni-Shiite conflict at all, perhaps due to religious freedom, but compared to neighboring countries such as Iraq, it is very small. Shia members of the National Assembly are also commonly elected, and there are quite a few of them among government figures.

It was the center of publishing in the Middle East until the 1970s and 1980s , but as society became conservative after the Gulf War, the number of banned books and censorship increased from 2004. Even George Orwell 's ' 1984 ' and the children's fairy tale ' The Little Mermaid ' are included in this forbidden book for being obscene, so there are voices of criticism even in the local area. #

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In 2010 , Kuwait's Olympic Committee was stripped of its right to participate in all games hosted by the IOC , including the Summer Olympics and Winter Olympics, on the grounds that it had lost its political independence. As a result , he was only able to compete as an individual in the 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games and the 2011 Astana-Almaty Winter Asian Games , and if this disciplinary action continues , he will have no choice but to participate in the 2012 London Olympics as an individual as well. Article But the problem is that the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA), which organizes the Asian Games, is located in the capital, Kuwait City. Fortunately, he participated as part of the Kuwaiti team until the London Olympics, but the disciplinary action was later confirmed and all Kuwaiti athletes competed as individuals at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympics . Ironically , a Kuwaiti athlete won the first gold medal in history in shooting at the Rio Olympics . In fact, it was Kuwait's first gold medal, but since he participated as an individual, the official record is not recognized as Kuwait's medal.

As in other Middle Eastern countries, soccer is the most popular sport, and it has a good reputation. For more information about the national team, see Kuwait National Football Team . As for club football, Kadisiya SC, a Kuwaiti Premier League team, participated in the AFC Champions League and reached the semi-finals in 2006 and the quarter-finals in 2008. League teams compete in the AFC Cup for members of developing countries designated by the AFC.[9] Since the reorganization, Kuwaiti clubs have shown super strength by advancing to the finals of all competitions, but in 2015, Kuwait's participation in international competitions for a long time was deprived of all participation in international competitions from FIFA due to the Kuwaiti government's intervention in the Football Association, and the 2019 AFC Asian Cup He is also disqualified and eliminated .

The domestic soccer league is the Kuwait Premier League .

He's interested in handball , but he's weak, so when he goes to world competitions, he's not even strong enough.

Thanks to the enormous amount of oil money, ice stadium facilities were built despite the desert climate, and it was even featured in the ice hockey at the Asian Winter Games. Of course, because they were underdogs, they lost 2-14 to South Korea at the 1999 Gangwon Winter Asian Games .

There is a selection system for scholarship students who can study Arabic in Kuwait . The Kuwait Ministry of Education's approval process is quite stringent, so language training is rare for international students. However, in the case of government scholarship students directly invited by the Kuwaiti government, these complicated procedures are greatly reduced. If you are selected for this scholarship, you will receive several benefits: room and board in a university dormitory for about a year, round-trip airfare, and a small scholarship are provided. However, due to various issues, even if you are selected as a scholarship student, you may not receive it right away. More details later.

As of 2022, Korean students have 10 thios and more than Japan and China. In the period of May -June, the National Institute of International Education will announce the selection. Overseas Arabic training hours or Arabic majors at universities are usually a lot of Arabic majors. In addition to the Arabic training and credit certificate, many documents are required. Students from university and grades, high school grades, professors' recommendations (assistant professors, 2 or more), self -introductions, mathematics plans, etc. Of course, it must be in English. Some documents also need translations in Arabic.

Once selected, the National Institute of International Education will guide you. The crime career inquiry report can be removed from the police station, and there is no physical examination, so you can just be tested for a visa for the purpose of issuing a visa. These documents must be confirmed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Jongno, Seoul to confirm the consulate. NOC (No Objection Certificate) and other documents are required by the National Institute of International Education. As of 2018, the visa application is received only in the morning, so I wait in front of the embassy before the business hours. If you go late, the morning work ends before you come.

You can leave for Kuwait between August and September and study for about a year until July of the following year with a scholarship provided by the Kuwaiti government. Studying at a language school affiliated with Kuwait University provides lodging in a dormitory, 100 dinars (approximately 350,000 to 400,000 won) per month for living expenses, and airfare, so it can be said to be a good opportunity for college students who want to study Arabic. Airfare is first paid by the student at his/her own expense and then reimbursed locally. When returning home, all you have to do is book a flight and go through a few procedures at Kuwait University, so there is no need to spend your own money. Since the Kuwaiti government pays airfare only if you use its own airline, you must transit through Bangkok in Korea, where there are no direct flights.

Scholarships and aviation costs are not available as soon as they come and receive them in the form of Fuji. If you go to Kuwait, you will take a physical examination or a fingerprint registration process to get a residence permission . The local administrative procedure is so slow that it usually takes about 2-3 months, and it is possible to open a local account after that. Only after this procedure can be taken after receiving the CIVIL ID, a residential permit, you can open a local bank account and receive a scholarship. It is not possible to open before the CIVIL ID is issued. If you have entered the month in September, usually, if the administrative procedure is delayed in November -December, it will only be paid for the next year, so you will need extra money to endure before that. Afterwards, you can get a scholarship every month.

Another drawback is that the curriculum of the Kuwait University language school is very poor. Among students studying Arabic, the prevailing view is that if you have the money, it is better to go to Markaz in Jordan , Bourguiba in Tunisia , or a private language school in Egypt . However, once you start receiving a scholarship, it is a definite advantage to be able to study without spending a single penny until you return to your country.

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In 2007, the weekday and weekend system was changed to establish a system where Sunday through Thursday are considered weekdays and Friday and Saturday are considered weekends. Originally, weekends were Thursday and Friday , but in the 21st century, in order to facilitate exchanges with the West, Thursday was removed from the weekend and Saturday was included in the weekend. In the case of Friday , which was originally a weekend, work is legally prohibited, so if work is needed on the weekend, it is usually done on Saturday . For this reason, when a public holiday falls on Friday in Kuwait, the following Sunday is a substitute holiday.

You can also exchange Korean Won locally. In Souk Mubarakiya, a traditional market in Kuwait City, most currency exchange shops accept the Korean won. Usually, 50,000 won notes are traded. The downside is that the commission is somewhat higher at 2-3% compared to dollars or euros , but considering the inconvenience of having to exchange it back to won, the exchange loss is worth bearing. However, since the exchange rate between the Kuwaiti dinar and the US dollar does not change much, it is best to exchange your money to US dollars if possible and check the exchange rate trend after entering the country before exchanging your money for won. Alternatively, exchanges may be made based on the first exchange rate announced by Hana Bank through communities such as Korean group KakaoTalk rooms.

The ripped off the taxi is very severe. Kuwait Taxi is usually run by Egyptian, India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, and once they are given to them, they can be used to three times as much as 1.5 times the original fee. In particular, foreigners are the main targets. If you give a high bill of bills, you may not have a change of money, and you may not be able to pay for it. The meter is installed in the car , but it is difficult to trust because it can be operated. Therefore, when you use a taxi in Kuwait, it is a good idea to bargain the articles and fare before you ride. In some cases, there may be differences, but 60-70% of the amount required by the article is appropriate.

Since the majority of people have their own cars, public transportation is not properly developed. There is no subway , and buses have arbitrary intervals and operating times. Therefore, local foreign workers usually take the bus, and Kuwaitis rarely use it. However, the fare is low, and you can ride for free if you have a student ID.

When Sunny , a member of Girls' Generation, was a baby, his parents had a Kuwait in the United States . When I heard a huge bomb when I was a baby, I had a trauma about him, so I was so surprised by the sound of something bursting, especially firecrackers . This is why other members block Sunny 's ears when firecrackers burst on stage .

Kuwait refuses entry to visitors from the countries mentioned above, Iraq , Israel , Syria , Iran , Afghanistan , Pakistan , Bangladesh , Yemen , and Ethiopia . However, foreign workers employed by Kuwaitis can enter the country with a visit visa issued by the Kuwaiti embassy. There are also quite a few foreign workers from Pakistan and Bangladesh described above. They usually enter the country on a visitor visa and then obtain a new work visa through the arrangement of their employer.

It was a serious obesity country, with 42.8%of obesity, ranking first in the world . Because of the nomadic people, most of the traditional foods are meat, and American diet and fast food are also widespread. Moreover, in the summer, the highest temperature in the middle of the day rises nearly 50 degrees, and there are many cases of sudden rainfall or sand storms in winter. It is also the country where the stomach reduction is the most commonly performed compared to the population. Although the Middle East itself has a high summer temperature, Kuwait is a frequent measurement of high temperatures among toxic neighbors.

Sara Halifa, a female assistant of Gallery Fake 's protagonist Fujita Lazy , is believed to be Kuwait. In Qatar , Q and domestic and domestic situation are different, and it is more like Kuwait's history, rather than a war, and the country is destroyed and rebuilt .

Surprisingly, the country where the first pirates to wear eye patches came from was modern Kuwait. The pirate in question was a Gulf pirate named Rahma ibn Jabir ibn Adbi al-Jalami , who was ruthless and brave.