Slovenian

Slovenija is a country located at the tip of the Alps in southern Central Europe , and its capital is Ljubljana . It borders Italy , Austria , Hungary , and Croatia , and is adjacent to the sea, so it has a Mediterranean climate.

Economically, it is the most stable country among the republic of the former Yugoslav Federation . The political system is a republic that mixes the presidential and parliamentary system . The parliament consists of a four -year national council (90 seats) and a five -year national council (Državni SVET , 40 seats ) .

The name of Slovenia's national language is Slovenija , which means the land of the Slavs in the South Slavic language group .



Because the name is similar to Slovakia , the two are often confused. Both have been ruled by the Austrian Habsburg family for a long time, have a common religion of being Catholic and Slavic countries, and even have a similar national flag, using the Slavic tricolor (white-blue-red) like Russia. Also, although the two countries do not share a border, the shortest distance between the two countries' borders is only 150km, and the distance between the capitals is 300km, which is shorter than the distance between Seoul and Busan . It also has something in common: it borders Austria and Hungary. Even the flag is similar to the Russian flag.[4]

The two countries have similar words for their country and language. However, since Slovakian is a West Slavic language and Slovenian is a South Slavic language, the linguistic differences are quite large.

National/national language in Slovenian is Slovenija/sloven šč ina. (Slovenia / Slovenščina )
In Slovak , national/national language is Slo ven sko/slovenčina. ( Slovensko / Slovenchina )
Slovenia in Slovak is Slo vin sko. ( Slovinsko )[5]

For this reason, the EU/ISO country codes show signs of concern to avoid confusion as much as possible. Slovakia (Slovensko) and Slovenia (Slovenija) all the way to Sloven are the same, and the country name of Sweden in its native language is Sverige, so it becomes very confusing if one of the three countries uses SV. Therefore, in the end, to the extent that the spellings did not overlap as much as possible, Slovenia was given a country code of SI, Slovakia was given a country code of SK, and Sweden was given a country code of SE.[6] In fact, the SV of the ISO 3166 code is occupied by El Salvador ( El Salvador ) in Central America, but the reason is that Spain ( Es paña) took over ES.

The Embassy of the two countries in DC, Washington, meets periodically and exchanges letters that are incorrectly written as partners.

The flag of Slovenia is derived from the white- blue -red tricolor of the Duchy of Kranjska (Vojvodina Kranjska) , a principality under the Holy Roman Empire ( Duchy of Austria - Archduchy of Austria ), Austrian Empire , and Austro-Hungarian Empire that existed in the region in the past . The flag that symbolizes Slovenia today is Lovro Toman ( 1827) , a Slovenian nationalist during the 1848 Revolution. October 10 - 1870 It was the first time that flags were erected throughout the city of Ljubljana on October 15th . Although the revolution was suppressed, the Austrian Empire unusually recognized this flag as the flag of a region rather than the nation-state of Slovenia. After the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Slovenia joined the Kingdom of Serbia and was converted into the Kingdom of Yugoslavia , this flag fell into disuse, but soon after, World War II broke out and Nazi Germany occupied all of Slovenia, and the anti-Nazi resistance took up this flag again. And when it became the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, this flag with a red star symbolizing communism was used as the flag of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia, a constituent country of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia .

Today's design began to be used as the national flag after the Socialist Republic of Slovenia declared independence from Yugoslavia and established the Republic of Slovenia in 1991. The coat of arms of Slovenia is depicted in the center of a horizontal striped background consisting of three pan- Slavic colors: white, blue, and red. If you look closely at the Slovenian flag, it has a coat of arms engraved on it slightly to the upper left of the Russian flag. It looks like the coat of arms, aspect ratio, and blue part have been slightly changed from the Slovakian flag. In the Socialist Republic's flag, the red star has been removed and it has a mountain instead. This national emblem is attached to the left and is used as the national flag. This mountain symbolizes Mount Triglav, the highest peak in Slovenia , and the two streams below the mountain symbolize Slovenia's rivers and sea. And the three stars are an emblem taken from the military insignia of the County of Chili , a local lord under the Principality of Steyrmark in the 14th and 15th centuries.

The CMYK and SCOTDIC codes for the flag and coat of arms are provided on the Slovenian government site . However, because the color of the presented code is too bright, it is often distorted to lower visibility.[7]



There is a color difference in RGB, but the color arrangement is the same as the Slovakian flag. However, the Slovenian flag uses a 1:2 ratio, and the Slovakian flag uses a 2:3 ratio. Additionally, when the Slovakian flag is flown vertically, the national emblem is directed towards the top of the flagpole.

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Most of the inhabitants are Slovenians of South Slavic origin. There are also some Hungarians , Germans , Austrians and Italians , as well as Serbs , Bosnaks and Croats .

The official language is Slovenian . German , Hungarian , and Italian are used depending on the region, and Croatian[8] , English is also widely used. Originally, it was historically part of the Archduchy of Austria 's Duchy of Krain and Steyrmark , so it is a semi-German speaking language and uses the Latin alphabet as a result of the spread of German at that time .

Most people are Catholic . Minority religions include Protestantism and Islam . After the Reformation, Protestantism spread, but was expelled due to the Habsburg family 's strong re-Catholicization policy, and only a few remained. Most Muslims are people who immigrated from Bosnia during the Five Hungarian Empire or the Yugoslavia. Recently, due to secularization, the number of non-religious and atheists has been increasing.

It borders Austria to the north , Hungary to the east, Croatia to the south , and Italy to the west. Koper and It borders the northern Adriatic Sea briefly through Piran and Isola , so it is not a landlocked country .[9] The capital, Ljubljana, is located almost in the center, and its climate is generally Mediterranean, close to continental.

Karst is famous for its topography, and the word itself is taken from the Slovenian place name, Kras.[10] The Kras region is home to Postojna and Sezana , and these two cities are still thriving with the reputation of being the first (Sezana Vileniška Jama) and the largest (Postojnska Jama) in the world. This is briefly mentioned in high school integrated social studies subjects.[11]

Among the two caves, Posto and Cave are attracting more famous, with a length of 24 km long. The space opened to tourists is part of it, but it is also huge enough to take the train from the entrance. Admission fee 22.8 euros as of 2014. As of 2016, a Korean audio guide recorded by Korean pamphlets and local Korean professors will be provided. Not only long, but the inside of the cave is very large, and there is a huge auditorium -type space where you can hold a concert with 10,000 audiences at the deepest where tourists enter. However, it does not give a special safety gear when you go in the train, but you should be careful not to get the hair disappearing while taking a picture. And regardless of the weather outside, it is a cave, so you should prepare a coat in advance because it is chilly throughout the year. I rent a wool coat, but this is all money. The cave eternity , the largest species of blood, is the mascot.

Despite its relatively small territory (about 1/11 of the Korean Peninsula), it is rich in resources such as coal, lead, and zinc. However, the coastline is very short as it is sandwiched between Croatia and Italy, which boast a world-class coastline. Except for this area, it is almost like a landlocked country.[12] Seafood seems strangely cheap, with a 2kg bucket of mussels only costing 5 euros. Relations with Croatia are not very good as there is a dispute over the maritime boundary of the Gulf of Piran near the Istrian Peninsula . However, historically, there are many intertwined aspects, such as the Habsburg Empire and Yugoslavia , and since Croatia was reluctant about this when applying to join the European Union, it is said that it has now been resolved somewhat amicably. However, there was still a conflict over territorial waters, and on July 12, 2017, Croatia and Slovenia held a meeting to try to resolve the issue, but it ultimately failed. Related articles

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General elections are held only in the House of Representatives. The 88 seats are elected through open-list proportional representation in eight 11 constituencies, with the number of seats distributed through a single transferable vote. Additionally, the blockade clause of 4% must be exceeded to win seats. Two seats are reserved for Italian and Hungarian minorities.

The Senate is structured like a committee.

Slovenia has been classified as a country with ensuring speech freedom among European Union countries, but in recent years, the media environment has been shaken due to political conflicts and attempts to take control of the media. The Border -free Press Association (RSF) warned that the media independence in Slovenia retreated in some right -wing governments between 2021–2023.

Traditional broadcasting channels are mainly public characteristics, and criticisms are raised that viewership measurement and advertising distribution still depend on old -fashioned systems. Although it is possible to collect real -time viewing data through IPTV or digital platforms, it is pointed out that the actual advertising costs and publications are based only on some large broadcasters, which inhibit media diversity.

In this background, NOVA24TV, founded in 2016, appeared in this background, defining himself as an "alternative conservative media for mainstream left media." The broadcaster was led by people who were closely related to the Slovenian Democratic Party (SDS), and were invested in Hungarian capital linked to the Orban government and were confirmed by the International Exploration Reporting Agency (OCCRP). This inflow of foreign capital has also raised concerns in Slovenia's "attempt to manipulate public opinion for political propaganda."

NOVA24TV has been criticized for many fake news and inflammatory reports since its establishment. False information related to Corona 19, refugees and immigrants' disgust reports, and non -confirmation politicians have been questioned several times from the EU fact check network and the Slovenian journalist association, and the RSF has also officially mentioned the bias of the Nova24TV and the lack of verification.

In 2023, the broadcaster was listed in the Guinness Book of Guinness for 73 hours and 23 minutes, which was an attempt to symbolize the political pressure on its company. The broadcast has attracted attention from some viewers, but there is also a view of the narrative of the nova24tv victim and the image making rather than the actual recovery of the freedom of speech.

NOVA24TV claims to criticize both Slovenian political political circles, but the actual reporting tendency is focused on conservative right -wing camps, and is one of the major sources of incitement of public opinion or spreading false information. The media diversity itself may have contributed a certain part, but there is concern in terms of low quality diversification or the expansion of intended political propaganda.

On the other hand, the younger generation is getting farther away from traditional media, and the tendency to select information individually on YouTube and SNS. This is a trend that occurs not only in Slovenia but also throughout Europe, and it is a major change in information consumption form in line with the decline in trust in the media.

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It is the first country outside of the 12 early members of the euro to successfully transition to the euro. (2007) Greece was a bit late with 2001, but it is considered an exception because it was before 2002 when the real euro was released.

Among the communist countries, the Czech Republic , along with the Czech Republic, is considered the highest, most wealthy and advanced country per capita. It has been economically rich with Croatia since the days of Yugoslavia , and was higher than in Korea in 1992, 1998-1999, 2003-2004, 2007-2011. The average wage is about 30,000 euros, similar to Korea.

EKWB , a famous liquid cooling parts manufacturer among computer enthusiasts, is a company from this country, and Elan, a world-class ski manufacturer , is also a Slovenian company.

Akrapovic , a famous brand that manufactures high-performance exhaust systems for cars and bikes, and Gorenje, a home appliance maker, are also Slovenian companies.

The human development index is 0.931 points as of 2023, recording a high level not only in the Balkan Peninsula but also in the entire Eastern Bloc.

Train services are operated by Slovenian Railways. It is easy to get to inside Slovenia, Austria and Croatia, but inconvenient to Italy and Hungary.

According to locals, public transportation is not good. It's expensive and the quality isn't that good. Instead, because the country is small, it is said that it is very convenient to use cars and motorcycles.



The airline was operated by Adria Airways , a member of the Star Alliance , but ceased operations in 2019. Next door, Croatia Airlines is also a member of Searl.

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Because it is geographically the intersection of Slavic, Germanic, and Latin cultures, Germanic and Latin cultures are also mixed based on Slavic culture.


Religiously, it is classified as a Catholic country in the Balkan Peninsula along with Croatia . On this small island floating in Lake Bled in northwestern Slovenia, there is the 'Cathedral of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary (Cerkev Marijinega vnebovzetja)' built in the 15th century. It is said that ringing the bell of this small, old church will make love come true. So, although it is a small and old place, it is quite popular among young Slovenians as a wedding venue. Related article .

The Slovenian Catholic Church is economically much better off than Kosovo, North Macedonia, and Bosnia, which fell into Europe's poorest countries after independence due to the Yugoslav Wars , so it is helping with the construction or expansion of local educational facilities, and is also contributing to youth and youth ministry in the five Balkan countries where economic difficulties are high, with unemployment rates approaching 25%. However, Slovenia is also said to be paying particular pastoral attention to youth education in response to the growing gap between rich and poor following the collapse of the communist regime.

Additionally, because it is geographically very close to Venice or Veneto and the Friuli region, it has long been called Venezia Giulia, and is also translated into Slovenian as Juliska Krajina. For this reason, the Alps in this area are called the Julian Alps.

Because it is located in the Alps , it is a skiing and snowboarding powerhouse. In skiing, Jure Franko won the silver medal at the 1984 Sarajevo Winter Olympics, becoming the first medal in Yugoslavia 's history, and in snowboarding , Žan Košir won a bronze medal at the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics . of medals in skiing. It was the first country to manufacture carving skis for domestic skiers, and is well known as the manufacturer of the Elan skis ridden by legendary skier Ingemar Stenmark. Elan is a Slovenian state-owned company that has been established for 70 years as of 2014. It is a larger company than you might think, producing yachts using the high-quality wood abundant in the country.

It is a country where soccer is the most popular and the skills are quite good. Led by genius playmaker and Slovenian soccer legend Zlatko Zahovič, the team participated in UEFA Euro 2000 and the 2002 Korea-Japan World Cup , and advanced to the finals after a close match with Russia in the 2010 South African World Cup qualifying play-offs . For more details, please refer to the Slovenian national football team section. Notable players include Jan Oblak and Samir Handanovic, who are considered the best goalkeepers in the world ; Josip Ilicic and Kevin Kampl, who advanced Atalanta BC and RB Leipzig to the UCL quarterfinals and semifinals, respectively, for the first time in history; and Benjamin Sheshko , a promising striker born in 2003 . The soccer league is run by the Slovenian Prva Liga .

Basketball skills are also considerable and popular. He first won the Euro Basket in 2017 . NBA Miami Hit 's main point guard Goran Dragichi and Real Madrid Balon Setto are the representative basketball stars of Slovenia, with the 2019 NBA Rookie of the year and the Los Angeles Lakers ' Ace Laka Donchi, who shines for three consecutive years.

Volleyball is also experiencing remarkable growth. Despite first appearing in Group 3 of the World League in 2016, they achieved first place in Group 3. In 2017, as soon as they advanced to Group 2, they took first place in Group 2.[13] After being reorganized into the Nations League in 2018, it did not appear, but in its first participation after being revised into the Nations League in 2021, it recorded 12 wins in 15 games and advanced to the final round in 3rd place overall, but was defeated by Poland and France, which have a lot of experience in international competitions. After suffering consecutive shutout losses, he ultimately ranked 4th. Micha Gasparini, who left a great mark in the V-League , commanded the court as the starting player. In addition, Dejan Vincic and Tine Urnat led the team along with Gasparini.

In ice hockey , although it is not good enough to be in the Big 7, it has enough skills to consistently compete in the Olympic Games and World Championships. At the Olympics, they took 7th place when they first competed in 2014 and 9th place at Pyeongchang in 2018, and at the World Championships, after being relegated in 2017, they stayed in Division 1A (second division) for consecutive years in 2018 and 2019. At the 2019 World Championships, they faced each other in the same division as Korea, and Korea won 5-3. Korea ranked 3rd in the group, and Slovenia ranked 4th in the group, and neither of them received the promotion ticket given to second place. The world rankings are also similar to Korea: Korea is 17th and Slovenia is 18th. Anze Kopitar , who plays for the Los Angeles Kings, is a high-level player who has played in over 1,000 NHL games, scored over 300 goals, and recorded over 500 assists. The annual salary of 10 million won in the 17/18 season is tied for 5th place in the league.

Cycling is also a powerhouse, and the country has two of the world's best road cyclists. Tadej Pogaca of the UAE Team and Primoz Roglic of the Jumbo Visma Team competed against each other in the Tour de France 2020, with Pogaca taking overall victory and Roglic taking overall runner-up place. Tadej Pogazza continued his prestige in 2021 by winning the Tour de France for the second time in a row, following the previous year, and finished second overall in 2022 and 2023, and won the overall championship again in 2024. In particular, Tadej Pogazza achieved the Giro-Tour double, winning overall wins in both the Giro d'Italia and Tour de France in 2024, for the first time since Marco Fantini in 1998. Primoz Roglic is also leading the heyday of Slovenian cycling by winning a gold medal in the individual solo event at the Tokyo Olympics.

As a country with developed mountains, it is also strong in rock climbing . The representative athlete is Janja Ganbret , who is considered the best female climber of all time .

A diverse food culture developed through exchanges with the cuisines of neighboring Italy and Austria, based on the cuisine of the South Slavic region. With 20 items registered under the Geographical Indication System/European Union, it ranks 10th out of 36 countries in terms of number of items. What makes the country so large compared to its size is that it surpasses neighboring countries such as Austria and Hungary, which have a long cultural history and are much larger in territory.

Slovenia is the most progressive country regarding sexual minority human rights among former communist countries. The civil union system was introduced in 2006, and a bill legalizing same-sex marriage was passed through the National Assembly in 2015. However, the Catholic community immediately protested, and a referendum was held in December 2015 to invalidate the bill, which was invalidated with 63.51% in favor. It was a strategy adopted by opponents of same-sex marriage from the 2013 Croatian referendum. The voter turnout was only 36.38%, and it was determined to be valid because the minimum voter turnout that could be legally recognized was only 20%. In a 2015 opinion poll, support for same-sex marriage was 54%, opposition was 40%, and although the public opinion in favor was higher, the reason for this result was that those in favor were divided into those who wanted to nullify the vote by not voting at all and those who wanted to participate in the vote. It's analysis.

The Slovenian constitution did not allow issues related to basic rights to be referred to a referendum and LGBTQ human rights were designated as national rights. Since it was a referendum and only asked whether the law passed by the National Assembly in 2015 should be annulled, not a constitutional amendment, it is expected that there will be numerous legal and political battles in the future. Especially since Ireland's referendum, which overwhelmingly supported same-sex marriage in the same year, had a huge impact across Europe... Eventually, the Slovenian parliament passed a new bill proposed by an independent member of parliament, excluding the right to adopt a civil union system. and changed it to have exactly the same rights and duties as marriage.

Then, on October 4, 2022, the Slovenian Parliament passed the Family Law Amendment Bill, which legislates same-sex marriage and the adoption of their children, with 48 votes in favor and 29 against. This was prepared in July of that year when the Slovenian Supreme Court ruled that the current family law was unconstitutional. At the time, the Supreme Court ruled that the family law provision that defined marriage as a union between a man and a woman was 'discrimination against sexual minorities.' Accordingly, the relevant provisions of the Family Act were immediately invalidated, and the National Assembly had to amend the provisions within six months. With this, Slovenia became the first country in the Eastern Bloc to recognize same-sex marriage . Related articles

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This is the setting for novelist Paulo Coelho 's novel Veronica, Decides to Die . At the beginning of the work, when the main character, Veronica, is about to commit suicide, it is said that the fact that the capital of Slovenia is Ljubljana is not very famous around the world.

It appears that the (ex)boyfriend of Park Wan, one of the characters in the Korean drama Dear My Friends, is staying in Slovenia. Lake Blett is also famous as the setting for the KBS drama Black Knight .

This is the country that GFriend visited for two years in a row, with Yerin and Sinbi going to Europe in 2016 and all members visiting THE Friends in Adriatic in 2017 . Blet Island in the cultural section photo above and Bohinj Lake in the link to the article are detailed, so it's a good place to go for a trip.

Slovenia was visited by Red Velvet in Season 3 of the 2018 Level Up Project .

In Jackie Chan 's movie " Yong Hyung Hoje " , there is a scene where Kwan Ji -rim is taken to the cults, and Jackie Chan and Alan Tom are looking for the Gwanji forest.