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1. outline2. symbol3. geography4. population5. history6. politics and administration
6.1. national administrative organization
7. economy8. Military9. Safety10. culture11. diplomacy12. sports13. tourist information14. traffic15. Vatican nationals of all time16. etc17. creations18. look around1. outline
Vatican City (Status Civitatis Vaticanæ), commonly known as Vaticanus , is a city-state located in Southern Europe and Italy. It is a landlocked country surrounded by the city of Rome , and is a small mini-state . The Pope , the Bishop of Rome and head of the world Catholic bishops, is the head of state .
2. symbol
2.1. country name
The name Vatican comes from Vatican Hill (Mons Vaticanus in Latin, Colle Vaticano in Italian), the name of the region where the country and the Holy See are located. The word Vatican is said to have been derived from the name of an Etruscan town in the region before ancient Rome, Vatica or Vaticum, and means garden.
Vatican City is a name that refers to the Papal States as an independent state recognized to maintain the Holy See, so it is a completely different concept from the Holy See (Curia Romana, Roman Curia), the highest governing body of the Catholic Church , and the organization that runs state affairs itself has a separate College of Cardinals. However, in fact, there are many cases where the Holy See or even the word Roma (Rome) itself refers to Vatican City.
The Vatican itself is neither 'Vatican City', which has a strong secular meaning, nor 'Holy See' in the strict sense, but 'Holy See ' (Sancta Sedes, Holy See).[15] ) is adopted as the official name of the country externally, and the government of the Republic of Korea sometimes translates it into 'Pope' and 'Vatican' and uses it. Accordingly, the Korean Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary dispatched to the Holy See is the ‘Ambassador of the Republic of Korea to the Holy See,’ and the Ambassador dispatched to Korea by the Holy See is the ‘Apostolic Nuncio to the Republic of Korea.’[16] It is called '. Meanwhile, the papal nuncio is called nuncio in Latin, not the English ambassador, and the papal embassy also uses the term Apostolic Nunciature, which means 'apostolic embassy' in Latin, rather than Embassy.
Currently, the word Vatican is used interchangeably with the word Holy See, but strictly speaking, Vatican City, the Holy See, and the Holy See all have different meanings.
Vatican City is a name that refers to the Papal States as an independent state recognized to maintain the Holy See, so it is a completely different concept from the Holy See (Curia Romana, Roman Curia), the highest governing body of the Catholic Church , and the organization that runs state affairs itself has a separate College of Cardinals. However, in fact, there are many cases where the Holy See or even the word Roma (Rome) itself refers to Vatican City.
The Vatican itself is neither 'Vatican City', which has a strong secular meaning, nor 'Holy See' in the strict sense, but 'Holy See ' (Sancta Sedes, Holy See).[15] ) is adopted as the official name of the country externally, and the government of the Republic of Korea sometimes translates it into 'Pope' and 'Vatican' and uses it. Accordingly, the Korean Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary dispatched to the Holy See is the ‘Ambassador of the Republic of Korea to the Holy See,’ and the Ambassador dispatched to Korea by the Holy See is the ‘Apostolic Nuncio to the Republic of Korea.’[16] It is called '. Meanwhile, the papal nuncio is called nuncio in Latin, not the English ambassador, and the papal embassy also uses the term Apostolic Nunciature, which means 'apostolic embassy' in Latin, rather than Embassy.
Currently, the word Vatican is used interchangeably with the word Holy See, but strictly speaking, Vatican City, the Holy See, and the Holy See all have different meanings.
- Vatican City State : Derived from the Vatican Hill in Rome, it refers to a state under international law that is currently ruled directly by the Pope with secular power. After the extinction of the Papal States in 1870, the papal secular territory or ruling state did not exist for a while, but it was created through the Lateran Treaty signed by Pope Pius XI with Mussolini in 1929 . It is most commonly used interchangeably with the Holy See, and the overall content of this item is also written as closely as possible to the original meaning of Vatican City.
- Papal States : Pope 's secular territory that survived from 754 to 1870 . It was originated from the 321 Constantine Decree, which allowed the property ownership and transfer of the church, and the Pipin III of the Frank Kingdom of the Frank Kingdom, where the Pipin III of the Kingdom of Frankpano gave the territory to Pope Stefano III , the Pope's rule began in earnest. Since then, like other secular countries, it has been in the size of a territorial size, and it has been changed in history when it was absorbed by Italy during the Italian Unification War in 1870 . In fact, there are still some 'buildings' that are recognized as the territory of the Vatican outside the Vatican. It is a Vatican territory, so the Italian law does not go short.
- Holy See or Apostolic See : Originally, it was a bishop of Rome, the capital of the world's church, the successor of Peter , but as the meaning gradually expanded, it became a comprehensive word for the Vatican and the Vatican city. Currently, the Vatican adopts the 'The Holy See' instead of the 'Vatican City', which has a strong meaning.
- Roman Curia : Originally, it means the top administrative organization of the church that assists the pope and the pope who ruled the world church. But now, in fact, the territory of the Vatican city is limited to the Vatican and its surroundings, and it is often used in almost the same meaning as the Vatican. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Korean Foreign Affairs , recognizes the Vatican City or the constellation as this name.
2.2. flag
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The coat of arms on the right side of the flag consists of the key to heaven, symbol of Peter , and the papal three-tiered crown, symbol of the pope.
13 When Jesus arrived in the region of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, "Who do people say the Son of Man is?" he asked.
14 The disciples answered. " He is called John the Baptist , but some say Elijah , others Jeremiah or one of the prophets ."
15 Jesus said, "Who do you say I am?" let's ask,
16 Simon Peter replied , "You are the Christ , the Son of the living God ." he answered.
17 Then Jesus said to him, "Blessed are you, Simon Barjonah! Not flesh and blood, but my Father in heaven has made it known to you.
18 I also tell you you are peter On this rock I will build my church, and the powers of the underworld will not be able to overcome it.
19 And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven. So whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.”
20 Then he commanded his disciples not to tell anyone that he was the Christ.Matthew 16:13-20 ( Catholic Bible )
The key is that Jesus Christ asked his disciples, "Who do you think I am?" It was inspired by the verse in the Gospel of Matthew that only Peter gave the key to the kingdom of heaven by giving an exemplary answer . Thanks to this, this key often appears in media dealing with the Vatican.
Unlike the original film, in the Angels and Demons movie version, the stamp on the chest of the Secretary of State was changed to the shape of two keys instead of an Illuminati diamond.
The papal crown , also known as the triple crown, was created during the reign of Pope Clement V and could only be worn by the pope because it symbolized the three papal powers. However, in the 20th century, instead of the papal crown, there is a trend to use a miter crown engraved with three lines of gold . For more information, see the Papal Document.
Flag History
Unlike the original film, in the Angels and Demons movie version, the stamp on the chest of the Secretary of State was changed to the shape of two keys instead of an Illuminati diamond.
The papal crown , also known as the triple crown, was created during the reign of Pope Clement V and could only be worn by the pope because it symbolized the three papal powers. However, in the 20th century, instead of the papal crown, there is a trend to use a miter crown engraved with three lines of gold . For more information, see the Papal Document.
Flag History
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754-1803 ( Pope )
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1803-1825
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September 17, 1825 -September 20, 1870
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June 7, 1929 -November 26, 2000
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November 26, 2000 -June 7, 2023
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June 7, 2023 ~
2.3. nation
[Countries of UN member countries, observer countries, and non-member countries]
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[Non-approved countries]
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[A song that lost its status as a national anthem]
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[Symbolist of organizations other than the country]
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Korean-Latin translation
Italian version
The state is Inno e Marcia Pontificale. The song was composed by Charles Gounod, famous for the Abe Maria of Charles Guno , and the lyrics were written by the Italian lyrics written by Antonio Allegra since 1949, and in 1991, Raffaello in 1991 Lavagna) was adopted by Latin lyrics.
The full text of the lyrics is as follows. Please note that the above translation is very different. (Source: Wikipedia)
Part of the lyrics quotes the Gospel of Matthew .
latin | korean |
O felix Roma – o felix Roma nobilis:(×2) Sedes es Petri, qui Romae effudit sanguinem, Petri cui claves datae sunt regni caelorum. Pontifex, Tu successor es Petri; Pontifex, Tu magister es tuos confirmans fratres; Pontifex, Tu qui Servus servorum Dei, hominumque piscator, pastor es gregis, ligans caelum et terram. Pontifex, Tu Christi es Vicarius super terram, rupes inter fluctus, Tu es pharus in tenebris; Tu pacis es vindex, Tu es unitatis custos, vigil libertatis defensor; in Te potestas. VOX ACUTA, VOX ALTERA AB ACUTA Tu Pontifex, firma es petra, et super petram hanc aedificata est Ecclesia Dei. VOX MEDIA, VOX GRAVIS Pontifex, Tu Christi es Vicarius super terram, rupes inter fluctus, Tu es pharus in tenebris; Tu pacis es vindex, Tu es unitatis custos, vigil libertatis defensor; in Te potestas. O felix Roma – O felix Roma nobilis. | O blessed Roma - O noble Roma (×2) You are the seat of the bloodied Peter in Rome , It is the seat of Peter who has received the keys to the kingdom of heaven.[17] Pope, you are the successor of Peter; Pope, you are the teacher who strengthens the piety of your brethren; Pope, you are the servant of the servants of God, fisherman[18] , the shepherd of the flock, He is the one who connects heaven and earth. Pope, you are Christ's vicar on earth, A rock in the midst of the storm, you are a lighthouse in the darkness; You are the advocate of peace, you are the guardian of unity, You are the vigilant guardian of liberty; I am in your authority. Pope, you are a rock that cannot be shaken, On that rock the Church of God was built.[19] Pope, you are Christ's vicar on earth, A rock in the midst of the storm, you are a lighthouse in the darkness; You are the advocate of peace, you are the guardian of unity, You are the vigilant guardian of liberty; I am in your authority. Oh blessed Rome - oh noble Rome. |
Antonio Allegra's Italian lyrics are as follows.
Italian | korean |
Roma immortale di Martiri e di Santi, Roma immortale accogli i nostri canti: Gloria nei cieli a Dio nostro Signore, Pace ai Fedeli, di Cristo nell'amore. A Te veniamo, Angelico Pastore, In Te vediamo il mite Redentore, Erede Santo di vera e santa Fede; Conforto e vanto a chi combatte e crede, Non prevarranno la forza ed il terrore, Ma regneranno la Verità, l'Amore. Salve Salve Roma, patria eterna di memorie Cantano le tue glorie, mille palme e mille altari Roma degli Apostoli, Madre guida dei redenti Roma luce delle genti, il mondo spera te! Salve Salve Roma la tue luce non tramonta Vince l'odio e l'onta lo splendor di tua beltà Roma degli Apostoli, madre guida dei redenti Roma luce delle genti, il mondo spera te! | Rome of immortal martyrs and saints! Immortal Roman, be praised by us. Glory to our heavenly Lord God, Peace for those who love Christ by faith! We have come to you, the shepherd of heaven, In you, we see a gentle Savior, Sincerely, the holy enemy of the holy faith It will be a shelter and a sanctuary of those who are faith and struggling. Heart and fear will not win. Only the truth and love will reign. Long live, live Rome, hometown of eternal memories Thousand Palm branches and thousand altars sing your glory Rome of the apostles, the mother who leads the saved people, Rome, the light of the people, the whole world will walk hope! Long live, hurray Rome, your light will never be turned off The brilliance of your beauty overwhelmed the hatred and shame. Rome of the apostles, the mother who leads the saved people, Rome, the light of the people, the whole world will walk hope! |
However, it is too long, so it is rarely played. If there is something to play the junk, the lack of troops in the Vatican will participate not only the Vatican Military Army Band, but also the Italian gun soldiers. Of course, Carabinieli also stops in the middle without playing all the hymeli hymns . #
3. geography
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A picture of the entire administrative district of Roman Roman Metropolitan City. Red is the city of Rome, and a very small empty part in the middle of the city of Rome corresponds to the Vatican. |
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District map of the city of Rome. The part between 1, 13 and 14 is the Vatican. The part on which the coat of arms of the Vatican is drawn, the smallest part of the districts of the city of Rome. | Romanians in the RIONE and a red colored Vatican. |
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Border and territorial map of the Vatican City. | |
With an area of 440,000 m2 , it is the smallest country on Earth. This is Korea It is about 1.3 times the area of Gyeongbokgung Palace in Seoul , and is similar in area to Nami Island , an island located in Chuncheon , and Hanyang University's Seoul Campus . It is even smaller than Everland in Yongin . Because it is such a small country (less than 1㎢), there is not even an airport.[20] To enter the Vatican from another country, you must pass through Italy.
The entire country consists of Vatican City . In addition to the Vatican, there are Vatican-owned cathedrals , museums , and schools throughout the city of Rome, and some of them are designated as extraterritorial privilege zones under the Lateran Treaty , so Italy's sovereignty does not actually extend, so they are virtually treated as Vatican territory. Representative properties outside the jurisdiction of Vatican City include the areas below.
Due to the narrow territory, the diplomatic missions of each country are located in Rome, Italy, but the Bishop's Embassy of the Bishop is concentrated in the Borgo area on the Vatican. The Embassy of the Republic of China ( Taiwan ) is located here, and in the Philippines , there is an embassy opposite Peter's entrance to the Vatican. The United States , on the other hand , is located next to the Italian Embassy, and in Korea, it is a little far from the Vatican. In Italy, there is an embassy just across from the Tiber River.
It is about 3.5km long, and it is very short as it takes less than an hour even if the general adult walks on the length of the Vatican border.
4. population
According to a report by Australian media on March 2, 2011, the Vatican's population is 32 women and 540 men, with a total of 572.[21] At the same time, the actual population living in the Vatican is only 223 . This is because the Cardinals are automatically granted the Vatican nationality to protect the bishops and believers even if they persecute Catholics in their country .[22]
It is also the country with the lowest birth rate (0 people). That's because it was not established from the beginning as a nation-state or nation-state for the people to live in , but was created to maintain an independent papal authority, and the only citizens are Catholics , bishops , priests , monks, and nuns, who are prohibited from marrying and giving birth, so there is no way for the birth rate to exist. Also, since the Vatican only has one pharmacy and no hospital, it is impossible to have an away childbirth .
It is also the country with the lowest birth rate (0 people). That's because it was not established from the beginning as a nation-state or nation-state for the people to live in , but was created to maintain an independent papal authority, and the only citizens are Catholics , bishops , priests , monks, and nuns, who are prohibited from marrying and giving birth, so there is no way for the birth rate to exist. Also, since the Vatican only has one pharmacy and no hospital, it is impossible to have an away childbirth .
5. history
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5.1. Pope History
more detailsPope/History documentcastPlease note. more detailsPapal States documentcastPlease note.When the Eastern Roman Empire recaptured the Italian peninsula , the 'Roman Duchy' established in the city of Rome in 533 became the basis of the Papal States . The invasion of the Lombards in 568, shortly after the recapture of Italy, largely confined the Eastern Roman Empire in Italy to the central and southern ends.
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The Italian Peninsula in 575 | |
gray | kingdom of langobards |
Orange | Eastern Roman Empire |
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A map of Italy, where the Eastern Roman Empire and the Lombards coexisted, and a map of the Papal States in the upper right | |
Orange | Langobards |
pink | Eastern Roman Empire |
The East Roman Empire established the Governor of Lavenna in 584 in Italy , ruling the Roman Principal, Venice , Fulia and Calabria . Then, as the dominance of the Eastern Roman Empire weakened, the Pope gradually began to grow into an independent lord who ruled the Roman Principal.
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The Italian peninsula after the capture of Ravenna by the Lombards in 751 | |
gray | kingdom of langobards |
Orange | Eastern Roman Empire |
In 751, when the governorate of Ravenna of the Eastern Roman Empire was eventually captured by the Lombards, the Roman principality was completely cut off from the Eastern Roman Empire. In 752, the newly elected Pope Stephen II declared neutrality to avoid the threat of the Lombards, secretly asking for help from the Franks . Peppin III of the Frankish kingdom asked Stephen II to acquiesce to his coup in exchange for driving out the Lombards. With Stephen's acquiescence, Pippin III was able to overthrow the existing Merovingian dynasty and establish a new Carolingian dynasty. In return, Pippin III drove the Lombards from the lands of the former Governorate of Ravenna and dedicated them to Stephen II.
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Pope in 756-817 |
Later, in order to smooth out the friction with the Eastern Roman Empire, it was said that ' Constantine I gave the land to the Pope'. This was legally guaranteed by the famous 'Deed of Constantine'. The original of this document is still well preserved in the museum. It is not known exactly who made the gift of Constantine and when. However, it seems that he tried to provide a statutory basis for the rights of the pope and the papal curia, which had been customarily handed down even before the gift of Constantine. Ironically, the cardinal was the first to point out that this document, which legally guaranteed the rights of the Holy See, was forged. In the Renaissance period, a much more academic method was used to prove that the gift of Constantine was a forgery.
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Papal States of 1789 |
In the 19th century, during the unification of Italy (1861-1870), it was forcibly annexed (1870), and Pope Pius IX , who was angry at this , declared the Vatican in captivity, leading to political and social conflict for a while with the new Kingdom of Italy . However, in 1929, Benito Mussolini , who became the Prime Minister and dictator of the Kingdom of Italy, restored the current Vatican City and its territory through the Lateran Treaty with the Vatican . It was agreed to form and recognize the independent sovereignty and territorial rights of the Holy See.[23]
5.2. Vatican history
6. politics and administration
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The Vatican city defines its own government system as an absolute monarchy . According to the introduction and explanation page of the Vatican government on the official website of the Vatican City, their government system (Forma di Governo) is called the Monarchia Assoluta . In fact, the Vatican government government is in charge of administration by clergy appointed by the Pope .[24] In addition, the pope is not a hereditary agent, but Conclavera is an elected agent, so it is an absolute monarchy and an electoral theme country. At the same time , there is also a Catholic priesthood political element.
Diplomacy is also independent. Passports are different from Italian passports , but the number of citizens is small, so the Vatican passport is quite rare. It is called item .[25] There were also stamps of stamps , and some coins were cast independently , but they were subordinate to Lira, Italy , and in January 1, 1999, Italy began to use euro , and the Vatican also turned into euro.
Latin is the first official language,[26] Italian is also used as an official language. And for daily conversation, French , German , English , and Spanish are all commonly used. French is the predominant language of diplomacy .
6.1. national administrative organization
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Currently, all of the above ‘○○ surnames’ have been changed to ‘○○ wealth’. The Minister of Clergy is Korean Cardinal Yoo Heung -sik.
7. economy
more detailsVatican/Economy documentcastPlease note.8. Military
more detailsswiss guards documentcastPlease note.
The military organization, which is currently a military army in the Vatican, has a Swiss guard, and the only regular army is the Vatican Military Police . He is also in charge of guarding major papers, including the Pope and Cardinals . As shown in the photo, it is famous for being holding armor and beauty spear during the Renaissance, and it is mistaken as a medium -sized traditional army, but these traditional costumes are dedicated to the guards wearing the guards, and the crew in charge of the actual guard is a modern firearm. Armed. He is armor and armed with various modern firearms such as pistols , submachine guns , heavy machine guns , and anti -tank missiles . It began with the Swiss mercenary units of the Vatican Defense and the Pope's protection, and in modern Switzerland, it is officially classified as 'security police' because it defines mercenaries as 'illegal'.
Although it is nominally the Vatican's only army, it is difficult to view it as an actual military force. It is only at the level of guarding the Vatican, not enough to stand up to a proper regular army, so its national defense capability is virtually non-existent. In any case, the only country with which it shares a border is Italy, and since 76% of its citizens are Catholics, Italy is friendly with the Vatican, so it provides defense services on its behalf, such as providing equipment such as helicopters . And the Vatican is located inside Rome, the capital of Italy, so if you want to invade the Vatican, you must fight against Italy first. Crucially, the Vatican is the headquarters of over 1.4 billion Catholics, so much so that even Hitler, who was completely at odds with the West, gave up despite the dissuasion of his associates.[27] It's hard to attack the Vatican. Therefore, the Vatican has neither the meaning nor the ability to maintain an army.
8.1. papal army
more detailspapal army documentcastPlease note.During the Papal States , the territory was so large that it had a large regular army for defense. Even after the papal army was disbanded with the call of the Pope during the Risorgimento, the lay armed organizations Paladin and the Black Noble Guard continued to exist. Since it was unreasonable to have a standing army in the reduced Papal States, the Paladins were maintained as a reserve force that engaged in daily life and regularly attended training , and the Black Noble Guard was made up of a small number of noblemen, along with the Swiss Guard, and the Pope and the Papal States. was in charge of close security. They were all disbanded by order of Pope Paul VI and disappeared into the back of history.
9. Safety
The Vatican Gendarmerie is responsible for police work. Although its name is the Military Police , it is legally classified as a police organization rather than the military , and for this reason, it is also a member of Interpol , which prohibits military organizations such as the Military Police from joining.
In St. Peter's plaza , the number of people from the Italian police agency, such as Italian national police and Italian gun soldiers, also patrol.
The most common crime is also a pickpocket and theft crime that aims for tourists and pilgrims from all over the world. In addition, high -ranking Vatican seniors often get corrupted scandals. Since there are no detention facilities such as prison, the correctional facility is provided by Italy and is convicted in the trial, and it is served in Italy prison and the Vatican pays the cost. However, there are several prison cells that temporarily detain them.
In St. Peter's plaza , the number of people from the Italian police agency, such as Italian national police and Italian gun soldiers, also patrol.
The most common crime is also a pickpocket and theft crime that aims for tourists and pilgrims from all over the world. In addition, high -ranking Vatican seniors often get corrupted scandals. Since there are no detention facilities such as prison, the correctional facility is provided by Italy and is convicted in the trial, and it is served in Italy prison and the Vatican pays the cost. However, there are several prison cells that temporarily detain them.
10. culture
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name | korean | vatican |
Vatican City | ||
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Listing type | Cultural Heritage | |
year of registration | 1984 | |
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designation number | 286 | |
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σὺ εἶ Πέτρος, καὶ ἐπὶ ταύτῃ τῇ πέτρᾳ οἰκοδομήσω μου τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, καὶ πύλαι ᾅδου οὐ κατισχύσουσιν αὐτῆς.
Tu es Petrus, et super hanc petram ædificabo Ecclesiam meam, et portæ inferi non prævalebunt adversus eam.
you are peter On this rock I will build my church, and the powers of the underworld will not be able to overcome it.Matthew 16: 18 (Catholic Bible)
The square is made in the shape of a keyhole when viewed from the sky , because the symbol of Peter is the key, precisely the key to the gates of heaven . The obelisk in the middle of the square was built in Heliopolis during the 12th Dynasty of Egypt, between the 20th and 19th centuries B.C. , and later moved to Alexandria 's Forum Julium by the Roman governor of Egypt, Cornellius Gallus, at the end of the 1st century B.C. It was moved and then moved to Rome by Emperor Caligula . (For more information on this, refer to the description of the obelisk in the ' St. Peter's Square ' document.) And after the fall of the Western Roman Empire , it was left neglected until 1586. It is said that it was brought to the center of the cathedral and raised up. Then a huge cross was placed on top , symbolizing the victory of Jesus Christ .
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Statue of Saint Peter , by Giuseppe de Fabricis, 1840 |
On June 27, 2011, the news site 'Vatican Today' was opened ( shortcut )[33] The next day a Twitter was opened ( # ). Pope Benedict XVI announced the opening of the Vatican Today in English on Twitter .
Dear Friends, I just launched News.va. Praised be our Lord Jesus Christ!
With my prayers and blessings, Benedictus XVI
Friends, I just opened News.va. Let's praise our Lord Jesus Christ !
With prayers and blessings, Benedict XVI
For news about the Vatican, please refer to Vatican Radio .
The Vatican is a UNESCO World Heritage Site As a cultural property designated as a World Heritage Site , the temples and buildings, as well as statues, pillars, and decorations, are all evaluated as works of art. Buildings inside the Vatican include the Vatican Museum , the Sistine Chapel , and St. Peter's Basilica . The Vatican Museum has so many art objects and exhibits that it is comparable to the so-called world's top three museums .
The Vatican is a UNESCO World Heritage Site As a cultural property designated as a World Heritage Site , the temples and buildings, as well as statues, pillars, and decorations, are all evaluated as works of art. Buildings inside the Vatican include the Vatican Museum , the Sistine Chapel , and St. Peter's Basilica . The Vatican Museum has so many art objects and exhibits that it is comparable to the so-called world's top three museums .
10.1. st peter's basilica
more detailsst peter's basilica documentcastPlease note.  |
Exterior view from the road in front of the square |
St. Peter's Basilica occupies one side of the round square that often appears when the Vatican appears in movies, and it is no exaggeration to say that it is the headquarters of Catholicism . It is a culmination of Baroque architectural techniques and arts. The enormous cathedral, which is 187 meters long and 132.5 meters high in the dome, is filled with masterpieces of Renaissance and Baroque art decorated with over 900 tons of gold and the highest quality marble. When you go to St. Peter's Cathedral, you will first be overwhelmed by the 284 Doric columns surrounding St. Peter's Square in front of the cathedral. Various statues stand on top of each pillar.
Initially, there was a Basilica -style cathedral built during the mid -4th century , but it was used for more than a thousand years . Julio II decided to demolish the existing cathedral and build a new cathedral. At the time of the construction, the former cathedral was a symbol of continuity with the early church, so it was also argued that somehow left traces, but Julio II defeated it and wanted a much magnificent building than the existing building. To do this, starting with Donato Bramante, Juliano Dada Sanggalo, Pragokondo , Rafaello Sancheo , Baldamaret Perucci, Antonio Dada Sanggalo, Michelangelo Buonaroti , Jacomo Dela Porta, Carlo Maderno, and Zan Lorenzo Bernini's artists in the Renaissance -Baroque era for 120 years . It was built in 1626 when Pope Urbani VIII . It was the largest cathedral in the world for hundreds of years after completion .[34] From the front, there are three balconies, of which one of them is painted in red on the side of the window. This is a pope -only balcony that can be used by the Pope. At the end of the movie angel and the devil, the newly elected pope appears. Inside the cathedral is Pieta carved by Michelangelo Buonaroti .
At the center of St. Peter's Cathedral is Bernini's canopy, whose columns beautifully express the shape of a rising tornado. Peter's throne behind the canopy is also Bernini's work and blends in with the canopy to create a fantastic harmony.
Since it is a church where the pope appears, there are a few dress codes to follow. Flip-flops are not allowed, but sandals with closed heels are fine. Women should wear clothes that come below her knees. It doesn't matter if it's a skirt or pants. However, men must wear long pants to enter. Also, no sleeveless clothing is allowed. Because of this, there are vendors selling shawls near the cathedral. The Vatican once appointed a nun as a gatekeeper to inspect the attire of tourists entering St. Peter's Basilica. The nun reportedly had a nervous breakdown and resigned from her job after dealing with a slew of tourists during the summer months.
If you put St. Peter's Cathedral in front and look to the right, there is a building. It is a building with many windows, and it is the Apostolic Palace where the Pope's office is located . The window on the top right is the office window. If the shutters are all down on the windows, it means that the pope is away.
As it is the source of Catholic faith, which has been the target of European art for a long time , the country is famous for its famous art. Sistine or Cathedral alone has the ceiling of Michelangelo, and St. Peter's cathedral has Pieta , the famous statue of the cathedral. This is only a representative one, and there are so many other. For this reason, one of the three major European museums is considered a must -have course during the European trip.
These tourism revenues are an important financial basis for supporting this city-state, and since these tourists enter through Italy and send money to Italy, the Vatican is a country worthy of super-special treatment for the local economy . Religion and religious aspects are also important.
Initially, there was a Basilica -style cathedral built during the mid -4th century , but it was used for more than a thousand years . Julio II decided to demolish the existing cathedral and build a new cathedral. At the time of the construction, the former cathedral was a symbol of continuity with the early church, so it was also argued that somehow left traces, but Julio II defeated it and wanted a much magnificent building than the existing building. To do this, starting with Donato Bramante, Juliano Dada Sanggalo, Pragokondo , Rafaello Sancheo , Baldamaret Perucci, Antonio Dada Sanggalo, Michelangelo Buonaroti , Jacomo Dela Porta, Carlo Maderno, and Zan Lorenzo Bernini's artists in the Renaissance -Baroque era for 120 years . It was built in 1626 when Pope Urbani VIII . It was the largest cathedral in the world for hundreds of years after completion .[34] From the front, there are three balconies, of which one of them is painted in red on the side of the window. This is a pope -only balcony that can be used by the Pope. At the end of the movie angel and the devil, the newly elected pope appears. Inside the cathedral is Pieta carved by Michelangelo Buonaroti .
At the center of St. Peter's Cathedral is Bernini's canopy, whose columns beautifully express the shape of a rising tornado. Peter's throne behind the canopy is also Bernini's work and blends in with the canopy to create a fantastic harmony.
Since it is a church where the pope appears, there are a few dress codes to follow. Flip-flops are not allowed, but sandals with closed heels are fine. Women should wear clothes that come below her knees. It doesn't matter if it's a skirt or pants. However, men must wear long pants to enter. Also, no sleeveless clothing is allowed. Because of this, there are vendors selling shawls near the cathedral. The Vatican once appointed a nun as a gatekeeper to inspect the attire of tourists entering St. Peter's Basilica. The nun reportedly had a nervous breakdown and resigned from her job after dealing with a slew of tourists during the summer months.
If you put St. Peter's Cathedral in front and look to the right, there is a building. It is a building with many windows, and it is the Apostolic Palace where the Pope's office is located . The window on the top right is the office window. If the shutters are all down on the windows, it means that the pope is away.
As it is the source of Catholic faith, which has been the target of European art for a long time , the country is famous for its famous art. Sistine or Cathedral alone has the ceiling of Michelangelo, and St. Peter's cathedral has Pieta , the famous statue of the cathedral. This is only a representative one, and there are so many other. For this reason, one of the three major European museums is considered a must -have course during the European trip.
These tourism revenues are an important financial basis for supporting this city-state, and since these tourists enter through Italy and send money to Italy, the Vatican is a country worthy of super-special treatment for the local economy . Religion and religious aspects are also important.
10.2. apostolic palace
more detailsapostolic palace documentcastPlease note.A space where murals and relics such as the School of Athens are displayed.
10.2.1. Sistine Chapel
more detailsSistine Chapel documentcastPlease note. |
Exterior |
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10.3. Vatican Library and Apostolic Archives
It is considered one of the world's best libraries and contains many valuable books and documents of historical value. It was opened as a library by Pope Nicholas V in 1448 , and it can be said to be the predecessor of the religious archives established by Pope Damasus I in the 4th century. Nicholas V collected 350 ancient Greek , Latin , and Hebrew manuscripts inherited from previous popes, as well as various books and documents. In 1587, Pope Sixtus V built a new building and it housed more than 1.5 million books, including about 150,000 manuscripts, including the Bible, which was richly decorated with 1.5 kg of gold .
Vatican Apostolic Archives website
Among them, the Vatican Apostolic Archives is a very important place in the Vatican, storing numerous books and secret documents of historical value. According to the website, the oldest documents date back to the end of the 8th century, and due to several disturbances, a significant number of documents dating before Pope Innocent III in the 12th century were lost. In the 17th century, under the direction of Pope Paul V, it was separated from the Vatican Library and stored elsewhere. Then, a significant amount was lost to France during Napoleon's reign, but was regained in 1817. Later, in 1883, Pope Leo From then on, it has been continuously disclosed, but it can only be disclosed 75 years after the date of creation, and some important and sensitive documents have been designated as permanently private. It was released in large quantities in 2012 to commemorate the 400th anniversary of the Vatican Apostolic Archives. article
In terms of documents, it stores and manages many rare ancient books of inestimable value, including important ancient books in Hebrew , Latin , Aramaic , and Greek , various information and intelligence documents sent by local parishes and believers, letters with kings and nobles, records of the trials of Martin Luther and Galileo Galilei, etc. Related Article 1 and Related Article 2 Among them, there are all kinds of valuable historical materials, such as letters sent to the Pope by monarchs who believed in Nestorianism in Mongolia , and a letter of rescue sent to the Pope by Wang, the mother of Emperor Yingli , the last emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty . In fact, each and every one of the archived documents is a national treasure. It is truly a dream destination for historians and connoisseurs .
11. diplomacy
more detailsVatican/Diplomatic documentcastPlease note.12. sports
Since soccer is not a member of the IOC , FIFA , or UEFA , it does not participate in the Olympics, World Cup, or European Championships. Since the late 2010s, it has been actively involved in sports, participating in the IOC General Assembly as an observer , and forming national teams in track and field, cycling, and taekwondo, with its long-term goal of participating in the Olympics.
In partnership with the Italian Olympic Committee, it will participate in the European Small Nations Games and the European Youth Summer Olympic Festival from 2023. From 2022, it participates in the Mediterranean Games , the first comprehensive international sports event in which the Vatican has participated.
Even so, there is a national soccer team. See Vatican City national football team . There is also a women's national soccer team. Soccer leagues and cup competitions have been active for quite some time.
In partnership with the Italian Olympic Committee, it will participate in the European Small Nations Games and the European Youth Summer Olympic Festival from 2023. From 2022, it participates in the Mediterranean Games , the first comprehensive international sports event in which the Vatican has participated.
Even so, there is a national soccer team. See Vatican City national football team . There is also a women's national soccer team. Soccer leagues and cup competitions have been active for quite some time.
13. tourist information
St. Peter's Cathedral does not accept admission, but the Vatican Museum must buy a ticket to enter. When you go to the package sightseeing, you have to enter the line early in the morning, because it is a Catholic headquarters and holy place, and because the whole country is a world heritage, many tourists and Catholics flock from the world's all -round grains. You can make a reservation so that you can enter without a line on the Internet, but if you do not go to the promised time, it is canceled, and the package tourism product cannot be reserved because the customer comes in the day before the departure.
Considering this, there are an increasing number of products that include pre-booking as a privilege recently, and be careful as you cannot join at an imminent time such as the day before departure. If there are too many people, even those with reservations will have to wait in line. It is much shorter than a normal line.
It is important to note that the string is so long that confusion can come. I thought it was reduced in general, but it turned out that it was a reservation line. In this case, the line may suddenly disappear. Then you may be unintentionally cutting in the general line.
Therefore, be careful of the cutting. Especially in the case of cutting, Italians are also very good, so be careful. Normally, it's hard to get caught, but the Italians make it imposing. So even though I was cut off, "Uh… uh?" In some cases, they may be hit. If you protest a little bit of words, you will admit and retreat.
One more thing to note. There is no shade at all where you stand in line .[37] There is a sidewalk along the Vatican walls, because there is a line. Right next to it is just a tea road. Therefore, while standing in line, you have to receive the stinging sunlight intact. In summer, it is really hot. Maybe that's why the bundle vendors around the line shouted '1 euro~! 2 euros~!” while selling cheap folding fans. This is for travel in the summer, and in the winter they sell hand warmers and various art pieces.
It is a country with a surprisingly high crime rate against foreigners, but it is not violent crime but mainly foreign gypsies targeting tourists/pilgrims. It is said that pickpockets are the main victims. Because it is adjacent to Italy, entry into the Vatican is possible without a separate immigration screening, and security in Italy is unstable, the security of the Vatican is in line with that of Italy. In other words, foreigners come in and commit crimes against other foreigners.
Considering this, there are an increasing number of products that include pre-booking as a privilege recently, and be careful as you cannot join at an imminent time such as the day before departure. If there are too many people, even those with reservations will have to wait in line. It is much shorter than a normal line.
It is important to note that the string is so long that confusion can come. I thought it was reduced in general, but it turned out that it was a reservation line. In this case, the line may suddenly disappear. Then you may be unintentionally cutting in the general line.
Therefore, be careful of the cutting. Especially in the case of cutting, Italians are also very good, so be careful. Normally, it's hard to get caught, but the Italians make it imposing. So even though I was cut off, "Uh… uh?" In some cases, they may be hit. If you protest a little bit of words, you will admit and retreat.
One more thing to note. There is no shade at all where you stand in line .[37] There is a sidewalk along the Vatican walls, because there is a line. Right next to it is just a tea road. Therefore, while standing in line, you have to receive the stinging sunlight intact. In summer, it is really hot. Maybe that's why the bundle vendors around the line shouted '1 euro~! 2 euros~!” while selling cheap folding fans. This is for travel in the summer, and in the winter they sell hand warmers and various art pieces.
It is a country with a surprisingly high crime rate against foreigners, but it is not violent crime but mainly foreign gypsies targeting tourists/pilgrims. It is said that pickpockets are the main victims. Because it is adjacent to Italy, entry into the Vatican is possible without a separate immigration screening, and security in Italy is unstable, the security of the Vatican is in line with that of Italy. In other words, foreigners come in and commit crimes against other foreigners.
14. traffic
Of course there is no airport as it has an area . There is only a helicopter takeoff. Of course, the general public must use the Italian Roman transportation means to come to the Vatican. To the north of the border, get off at the Roman subway A -ray Otabiano Station and go south.
Surprisingly there is a railway . The construction began in 1929 and opened in 1934.[38] However, it is basically for cargo transportation, and passenger operation is only on Saturday. If you have been to the Vatican by taking this , you can boast, and the pope has been using it so far . Break it at San Piet Station, and enter the south border. The total length is about 1.27km and the length of the Vatican seems to be about 300m. Therefore, it is the shortest national railway in the world.
Surprisingly there is a railway . The construction began in 1929 and opened in 1934.[38] However, it is basically for cargo transportation, and passenger operation is only on Saturday. If you have been to the Vatican by taking this , you can boast, and the pope has been using it so far . Break it at San Piet Station, and enter the south border. The total length is about 1.27km and the length of the Vatican seems to be about 300m. Therefore, it is the shortest national railway in the world.
15. Vatican nationals of all time
According to the Vatican nationality law, Vatican workers and cardinals have Vatican nationality, so there are many Koreans who have been granted Vatican nationality, and all of them have dual Korean and Vatican citizenship .
- Kim Soo-Hwan Stefano
- Jeong Jin -seok Nicolao
- brine andrea
- Jang In -nam, Paul -The first Korean pope of history
- Nightlife Lazaro -The Vatican Priest Minister
16. etc
Coins and stamps of the Vatican are issued by the Vatican Postal and Coin Office , and these stamps are of great importance for religious themes.
Related books include 『Stories of the Vatican that are not even in the encyclopedia』 (Nino Lo Bello, 2001, Living Bible, 6,800 won), 『Vatican, Capital of the Soul, Land of Enchantment』 (Michael Collins, 2009, Design House, 40,000 won), and 『Inside Vatican』 (Thomas Rees, 2004, Catholic Publishing Company , 18,000 won) are recommended.
According to the road in Infinite Challenge, it is said that the pastor (…) lives.[39]
Yoon Hong-ki's song 'Let's create a beautiful world'[40] Even if you come from the Vatican, you are not necessarily Catholic .[41]
There is an interesting statistic. As of March 22, 2018, the number of Steam games per capita is the number one country in the world , and if you list the games with the most total play time, Dota 2 , Cass GOP , Hearts of Iron 4 , and Europa in order . 4 , Total War: Rome 2 . To be serious, there is a possibility that there are many heavy gamers who just set the country setting to the Vatican.
The Holy See owns more than 5,000 real estate properties in and around Italy. #
Refugees are also accepted. In December 2019, Pope Francis visited Greece They announced that they had decided to accept 33 refugees who had been staying in a refugee camp on Lesbos Island , and it is said that they negotiated with the Italian government for several months to achieve this. #
There is an urban legend that a chronovisor was created that allows you to view past history through video , and that the Vatican is hiding it . It is said that a video capture type time machine was created in the Vatican in 1958 , but of course, the person who spread this falsely testified that he saw Jesus, so it is not credible at all. # Episode aired on Mysterious TV Surprise
Throughout history, it is the only country in which the entire nation, regardless of denomination, believes in Christianity .[42]
Related books include 『Stories of the Vatican that are not even in the encyclopedia』 (Nino Lo Bello, 2001, Living Bible, 6,800 won), 『Vatican, Capital of the Soul, Land of Enchantment』 (Michael Collins, 2009, Design House, 40,000 won), and 『Inside Vatican』 (Thomas Rees, 2004, Catholic Publishing Company , 18,000 won) are recommended.
According to the road in Infinite Challenge, it is said that the pastor (…) lives.[39]
Yoon Hong-ki's song 'Let's create a beautiful world'[40] Even if you come from the Vatican, you are not necessarily Catholic .[41]
There is an interesting statistic. As of March 22, 2018, the number of Steam games per capita is the number one country in the world , and if you list the games with the most total play time, Dota 2 , Cass GOP , Hearts of Iron 4 , and Europa in order . 4 , Total War: Rome 2 . To be serious, there is a possibility that there are many heavy gamers who just set the country setting to the Vatican.
The Holy See owns more than 5,000 real estate properties in and around Italy. #
Refugees are also accepted. In December 2019, Pope Francis visited Greece They announced that they had decided to accept 33 refugees who had been staying in a refugee camp on Lesbos Island , and it is said that they negotiated with the Italian government for several months to achieve this. #
There is an urban legend that a chronovisor was created that allows you to view past history through video , and that the Vatican is hiding it . It is said that a video capture type time machine was created in the Vatican in 1958 , but of course, the person who spread this falsely testified that he saw Jesus, so it is not credible at all. # Episode aired on Mysterious TV Surprise
Throughout history, it is the only country in which the entire nation, regardless of denomination, believes in Christianity .[42]
17. creations
In various creations, it is often described as a huge combat group that supermans are sulky. In particular , this tendency is strong in Japanese subculture media, which seems to reflect the Japanese perspective that does not care much about religion. On this floor, where fantasy is the main, the Vatican's image seems to have stopped at the witch hunting . Whatever the work appears, the description is similar. There are usually a secret organs that kill heretics, devils, and monsters , and the priests and monks who work here are actively engaged in the eradication of the heretics and vampires .
- This is also available in Assassin's Creed 2 and Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood . In the case of the former, the final boss is the pope Alexander VI = Rodrigo Borgia appears as the last stage. Brotherhood can go to the Vatican because the main stage itself is moved to Rome. However, in the last mission of Sistine and Cathedral, it is a time when the frescoes have not been drawn yet (1500). No matter how much you look up at the ceiling, it just comes out. In addition, St. Peter's Cathedral does not appear in the Brotherhood, the follow -up of two. This is because the 1500s, when the game used in time background, was still under construction. However, it is time to be under construction, so only the site can be seen. This is because the last secret area in the Vatican area (the den of Romulus) explores the St. Peter's Cathedral under construction.[43][44]
- In Mission Impossible 3, it appears as a place to enter to kidnap the boss of an enemy organization, and a huge jade comes out here. At a banquet held in the Vatican, all the women's clothes are too revealing.
- It is also the home of Elza La Conti and Clarice di Lancha , nun characters from the second arc of the Arcana Heart series.[45]
- This is the final stage of the 24th episode of the final episode of the Chrono Crusade anime.
- In Digimon Adventure episode 48 , it appeared briefly as part of the city district in charge of Powerdramon .
- Dan Brown 's novel Angels and Demons takes place here.
- In The Wolf and the Spice and The Wolf and the Parchment, which are works based on the Middle Ages, it is occasionally referred to as "the headquarters of the church."There is a story that, in the days when the pope who sat at the headquarters of the church was at odds with the earthly emperor , he left the emperor alone in a snowy field for three days.Wolf and Spice Volume 10“About here.”
The map is centered on a large city in the south where the Pope is located .The Wolf and the Parchment, Volume 1
- Appears in John Wick 2 .
- In The Vatican Miracle Investigator , Hira, the main character , comes to work where Joseph Kou and Roberto Nicolas work, and there is a 'seat of the saints' in the Holy City of the Holy See. In accordance with the liturgical schedule of the Catholic Church, efforts were made to show the realistic appearance of the Vatican, such as the depiction of the pope personally celebrating Mass .
- Japanese animation In Hellsing , the endless It is often described as a place that leads a battle group .
- When the continental migration began to the place where the Italian Prime Minister was located in 2012 , the cathedral collapsed and was crushed to death.
- The Vatican Association, which can be said to be the main headquarters of the exorcists, appears in the Japanese manga Can't Corrupt the Exorcist .
- In Return of the Hero, we come to the place where Saint Damian Arcadius, the former warrior of faith, is sealed.
- In Discord's bot Ballsdex , its rarity is ranked as high as 14th.
- Game Princess Tail has a 'Kabitan' with the motif of the Vatican. Joana, Teresa, Maria, Angela is the home and a new country.[46]
- One of the countries with the worst difficulty in Super Power 2 . With a population of 750, the birth rate is at its lowest and the death rate is high. Per capita income is the wealthiest country at the starting point, but the population is so small that it is of little significance. Economic development is also very difficult as there are almost no resources being produced other than service industry resources. The characteristic feature of the bill is that it is as lame as North Korea. It may be the image of a new old country. Regardless of the lack of laws, the government approval rating and stability are extremely high, and the political corruption rate is also extremely low.
- In the Korean comic Reverse , there are a large number of exorcists and exorcists who carry out exorcism with divine powers and the power of light, and they appear as a very tight-knit group, such as excommunicating a nun for using her dark power to save humans from demons. Moreover, because the main character is a vampire, they are unable to acknowledge that he is a savior who will protect humanity from God, but they admit it in the latter half of the story, and the four most powerful people even give the main characters time to fight back.
- In Defense Devil , a Korean and Japanese manga , it is also mentioned through Father Serma's flashback, where it appears as an executioner unit and an exorcist battle unit.[47]
18. look around
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[ Expand/Collapse ][Italy] 1.1 1.2 All of the country is surrounded by Italy.[A] 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 Also classified as Eastern Europe .[B] Geographically, most of the territory is in West Asia , and only a part of the area west of the Bosphorus Strait ( East Thrace ) belongs to Southern Europe. However, for political, economic, military, and socio-cultural reasons, the entire Turkic Republic is classified as Southern Europe.[C] 13.1 13.2 13.3 Cyprus islands are classified as West Asia for geographical reasons , but they are classified as southern Europe because they are close to Greece and Turkiye , ethnic, historically, and culturally.[D] It is also classified into Eastern Europe and Central Europe . |
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[1] It is the smallest country in the world and the only country with an area of less than 1 km² . Monaco , the second smallest city in the world, has an area of 2.2 km², which is five times larger than the Vatican. It is similar to the entire size of Gyeongbokgung Palace and smaller than the size of Konkuk University's Seoul Campus site, as well as Wolmido and Nami Island .[2] However, the record of being the ‘smallest country in the world’ will disappear when the Bektashi Church’s sovereign state is created.[3] The population is also the smallest in the world.[4] This is because, as described later, this country is a city-state made up of many Catholic clergy.[5] Italian is used in everyday conversation, and starting with the 2014 Synod of Bishops, Italian is also used at official meetings. Latin is used as the language of the liturgy, and the original copies of important official documents, such as the Pope's encyclicals and bulls, are also written in Latin.[6] In the past, it was 100% Catholic, but now, after the Second Vatican Council, other denominations, including Protestants, are accepted with the aim of peacefully respecting other religions. Also, since it is a holy place and the site of Saint Peter 's martyrdom, no particular denomination can monopolize it.[7] There are only two people . Even that is a Christian-affiliated denomination.[8] It is a military and police organization with the smallest number of members among the entire armed forces.[9] The defense of the homeland is actually in charge of the Italian army according to the Lateran Treaty , and the CIA also does not view the Swiss Guard as a military organization ( # ).[10] monarchia assoluta. Source Vatican City official website[11] At that time, diplomatic relations at the ministerial level were established, and it was upgraded to the ambassador level on September 5, 1966.[12] Before joining the United Nations, he has a status of observer (Observer), such as the status of the Republic of Korea and North Korea. Another UN observer is Palestine . For more details, see the Unexpected Bureau/List .[13] Seoul Metropolitan Government from April 2025 due to construction of a new embassy at the current location. Seocho-gu A portion of the 6th floor of the Omnibus Park, 222 Banpo-daero (Catholic University Holy Clothing Campus) is being leased and used as a temporary embassy.[14] Common with area codes in Rome.[15] See is an English word used to refer to 'province' in a particularly formal manner, but its meaning has been narrowed down to mean a province ruled by the pope, that is, the Holy See. Generally, when referring to a province, the word 'province' is used, and 'see' is rarely used other than 'Holy See' here. When used in a sentence, the definite article must be added ("the Holy See").[16] At this time, it is not called 'Vatican Ambassador', but 'Pope Ambassador'.[17] Matthew 16:19[18] See Matthew 4:19.[19] Matthew 16:18[20] In fact, the area of some airports around the world is often larger than the Vatican area.[21] If there are an average of 400 students per grade in middle and high schools in urban areas, there are a total of 1,200 students, so the Vatican population is only about half of the number of middle and high school students. The actual resident population, which will be described later, is only about 1/5 to 1/6 of the number of students in middle and high schools in urban areas (approximately half of the number of students in one grade) or the total number of students in several rural schools. As another example, the population of Ulleung-eup, Ulleung- gun , Gyeongsangbuk-do is about 6,400 people.[22] For reference, the Korean government, which is strict about dual citizenship, has long recognized Vatican dual citizenship. This is because Vatican dual citizenship is not given to just anyone, and there is nothing good about opposing the head of Catholicism, a major religion. Therefore, Korean-born cardinals are allowed to have dual Korean-Vatican citizenship even if they acquire Vatican City citizenship.[23] It may be surprising that the dictator who turned Italy into a fascist dictatorship and plunged it into World War II as an Axis power respected the religious sovereignty of the Vatican, but it was precisely a treaty requesting that the Vatican recognize Italy under his dictatorship as a country in exchange for releasing the forcibly annexed Vatican. The fact that the Vatican recognized Mussolini's dictatorship for independence at the time is also criticized even in modern times.[24] The Vatican only does religious affairs and dispatches ambassadors to each country. refer to that document.[25] According to an anecdote that Cardinal Yu -sik appeared in the U -Quiz, the airport entry officer looked at his Vatican passport and held his passport and said, "It's a Vatican passport."[26] It is the only country that uses Latin, which is virtually dead, as its official language . Of course, it is not for everyday use, but for business and academic purposes.[27] At that time, ⅓ of Germans were Catholic. Therefore, it was obvious that the moment Hitler attacked the Pope, there would be extreme opposition within Germany. Hitler had already implemented Operation T4, an order to massacre the disabled and mentally ill, but withdrew the order due to huge opposition from Catholic priests in Germany. Of course, they only canceled the official order and continued to massacre behind the scenes until the moment of defeat.[28] To represent a masterpiece of human creativity[29] Over time or within a given culture of the world, architectural or technological advances, monumental construction, urban planning or landscape design reflect important exchanges of human values.[30] Be a representative example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble, or landscape that exemplifies a significant stage in human history.[31] be directly or visibly associated with events or existing traditions, ideas or beliefs, or works of art and literature of outstanding universal importance;[32] Both ends of the competition are the Italian-Vatican border .[33] Current Vatican News #[34] The record was broken when Notre Dame Cathedral of Peace was built in Côte d'Ivoire .[35] So there was a time when you had to have a pass and go through immigration to enter the Vatican. Now that the border is consigned to Italy , CIQ does not exist, but ID checks are still in place. If you are not an EU resident, you will need to prepare your passport . Unlike San Marino, where you can get a nominal immigration stamp for 5 euros, the Vatican doesn't do immigration processing for tourists.[36] However , it is not a member of FIFA or the IOC , which also includes Hong Kong , a special administrative region of China , Guam , a U.S. colony, and other mini-nations such as Monaco and San Marino . Therefore , the name Vatican will not be heard at the Olympic Games or the FIFA World Cup .[37] In the summer, after about 1:00 PM, the entrance line may be shaded by the wall. Depends on the season and sun altitude.[38] During the reign of Paul IX, a railway was built for the convenience of pilgrim tourists, but the completion of the railway was carried out in unified Italy by the Sardena army.[39] This is the answer to the question "Where was the capital of the ancient Roman Empire ?" during the knowledge battle with Haha in the Okhotsk special .[40] A song that was widely known as Frandzlang AUF UN AUF Voll Lebenslust.[41] For reference, this song has many lyrics about the prejudices that existed about the region or country at the time. For example, just because you come from North Korea does not necessarily mean you are a spy.[42] North Korea ostensibly has freedom of religion, but even the North Korean regime cannot control all of its 25 million citizens, so the entire country will not believe in one religion . In fact , there is testimony that there are people who secretly believe in shamanism .[43] The map is displayed as the den of the Losus, but it has nothing to do with Rosurus in real history. This is because the mission is to track the cardinals with the connection between the Borgian forces and Romulus followers who dominate the Rome.[44] At the beginning of this mission, you have to hide and move between the cardinals, but the cardinals who wear a wide hat in a red dress are not heterogeneous at all.[45] Originally from Abruzzo, Italy.[46] As an aside, it can be seen through the anagram that the motif of Kavitan is the Vatican . Move the ㅋ of Kavitan to the t position, the ㅅ to the ㅋ position, and the ℓ to the b position.[47] Like Rivers above, they come across as a tight-knit group of old guys who don't care about what's going on or what's going on.
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