Turku

It is a city on the southwestern coast of Finland and was the capital of Finland until 1812 . It is considered Finland's oldest city and is currently Finland's fourth city after Helsinki , Tampere , and Oulu .

Originally, the Turku area was called Suomi, which is now the Finnish word for Finland. Turku is in Varsinais-suomi[4] As the central city of the region, it holds significance as the central city of Finland in the past.[5]

The actual Finnish pronunciation is closer to 'Turku' than 'Turku '. The name Turku, which means market , has the same etymology as the Finnish word tori, which means square , and dates back to a loanword from the ancient East Slavic word Turgu (търгъ). Although the name is similar, it is not related to Turkic countries .

Meanwhile, the city's Swedish name is Åbo, which means settlement (bo) by the river (å).

king of sweden It is assumed that it was built when King Eric IX came over to Finland for the Crusade with Bishop Henrik (Biskop Henrik ?-1156) from the Kingdom of England .

It was the base of Gustav I Vasa 's second son, John III , during his time as prince. In the 17th century, Finland's first university was built under the orders of Queen Christina . The University of Turku, currently located in Turku, was established later. In 1744, the Treaty of Obo was signed, ending the Hattar War, and Sweden granted access to the Kymmene River in Finland.[6] The territory extending from Lake Saimaa was ceded to the Russian Empire .

Until the early 19th century, it was a larger city than Helsinki. However, Frederick won the Finnish War .[7] Russian Emperor Alexander I , who had ceded Finland from Sweden through a treaty, moved the capital to Helsinki in 1812 to weaken the influence of Swedish culture , and after the great fire that occurred in 1827, many major public institutions moved to Helsinki and its size was reduced.

In Finland, statistics on ethnicity are not separately published, but instead, demographic statistics are based on the mother tongue. 5.2% of Turku's population speaks Swedish as their mother tongue, in addition to Russian[8] ^1.6% , Arabic ^1.4% , Kurdish ^1%[9] , Albanian ^0.8% , Estonian ^0.8% and so on.

The population is 194,391 as of December 31, 2020, and more than 300,000 people including those living in the suburbs of the city. 12.3% of the population has a mother tongue other than Finnish and Swedish.

The statistical standards as of December 31, 2020 are as follows.[10]
Swedish-Finnish[11] : 5.5%
If your mother tongue is neither Swedish nor Finnish: 12.3%
Population with Finnish as their first language: Others (100-5.5-12.3 = 82.2%)

It is the home of FC Inter Turku and Turun Paloseura of the Beikausliga . Both clubs use the Veritas Stadium as their home stadium and form the Torun derby .

Kaupatori, due to be refurbished around 2023[12] You can get to Naantali, famous for Moomin World, by taking bus number 6 or 7 from there . The advantage is that you can go to the city of Turku with a transportation ticket. Most of the time you can get around the city by bus. Buses operate from the city of Turkus and Föli[13] It is called and it is possible to purchase a pass using the app. Unlimited use of the bus for 2 hours costs 3 euros , and you can also purchase bus tickets for any period you want.

At the Intercity Bus Terminal, there are buses to Helsinki, Pori , Vasa , and Oulu. In the Turku Port adjacent to the Turku Performance, Sweden rides on a ferry such as the Viking Line and Silya Line. You can go to Stockholm . In the north side, there is a Turku Airport, and the flights that are now canceled due to the influence of Corona 19 are canceled. Liga , Poland Only Grandsk is. Turku-Helsinki flights will be operated one day from May 2, 2022 . Currently, the Turku-Helsinki section operates only bus/train.

As of February 2025, direct flights remaining at Turku Airport are 1) Stockholm (SAS), 2) Liga, 3) Grandsk, 4) Air Baltic

Starting in May 2025, direct flights to Turku-Copenhagen (Denmark) will be launched (SAS)

Turku Airport arrival information confirmation: https://www.finavia.fi/en/airports/turku

You can also take a ferry from Turku Port .

major tourist attractions
1. Turku Castle (Turun Linna/Åbo slott)
2. Turku Cathedral (Turun Tuomiokirkko/Åbo domkyrka)[14]
3. Luostarinmäki Museum
4. Wäinö Aaltosen museo/Wäinö Aaltonens museum
5. Turku Art Museum (Turun Taidemuseo/Åbo Kunstmuseum)
6. Aboa Vetus & Ars Nova
7. Forum Marinum
8. Sibelius -museo/Sibeliusmuseum

It is a city that has its own art museum and philharmonic orchestra, and, like Finland, rock metal-related festivals are often held. Sibelius Museum, Aboa Vetus & Ars Nova[15] , The Luostarinmäki Outdoor Handicraft Museum, which reproduces a 19th-century wooden workshop, is famous, and the Turku Cathedral and Turku Castle, the oldest buildings in Finland, are buildings that remain from the Swedish rule.

Turku Jazz Festival is held every year. https://www.jazzcityturku.fi/in-english/

There are two universities and four junior colleges.
2 universities
a. University of Turku (Turun yliopisto/Åbo universitet)
b. Obo Akademi
4 colleges
a. Turun ammattikorkeakoulu/Åbo yrkeshögskola
b. Ammattikorkeakoulu Novia/Yrkeshögskolan Novia
c. Humanistinen ammattikorkeakoulu
d. Diakonia-ammattikorkeakoulu/Yrkeshögskolan Diakonia