Tonga
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kingdom of tonga Puleʻanga Fakatuʻi ʻo Tonga Kingdom of Tonga | ||
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flag | director | |
Ko e ʻOtua mo Tonga ko hoku tofiʻa God and Tonga are my heritage | ||
area | ||
nation | Ko e fasi 'o e tu'i 'o e 'Otu Tonga Song of the Kings of the Tongan Islands | |
population | 103,742 people[3] | World 191st | |
GDP | $493 million (2019) | |
GDP per capita | $4,888 (2019) | |
capital | ||
political system | ||
Tupou Ⅵ | ||
Prime Minister | Fatafehi Fakafānua | |
religion | Methodist Church 53.7%[4] Mormons 18.6% Catholic 14.2% Other Christianity 10.4%[5] Baha’i Faith 2.2% Other/ No religion 0.8%[6] | |
call | ||
slot | UTC+13 | |
common language | ||
Status of North-South diplomatic ties | ||
travel warning | No Alert: All Areas | |
location |
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1. outline
The Kingdom of Tonga or Tonga is located in Polynesia in the middle of the Pacific Ocean , adjacent to Fiji . The capital is Nuku'alofa . The land area is about 747㎢ and the population is 100,000 (2005). For reference, the native word (Tongga) of the national name (Tongga ) is Tong'A .
It is one of the few nations of non -western countries with crosses on the flag. It looks similar to the Swiss flag.
It is the only kingdom in the New World (America + Oceania) , as well as the Oceania and Pacific Island countries, that has its own citizen as its monarch. The rest of the countries are all republics ruled by a president, or members of the Commonwealth of Nations, with the British monarch as their head of state.
It is one of the few nations of non -western countries with crosses on the flag. It looks similar to the Swiss flag.
It is the only kingdom in the New World (America + Oceania) , as well as the Oceania and Pacific Island countries, that has its own citizen as its monarch. The rest of the countries are all republics ruled by a president, or members of the Commonwealth of Nations, with the British monarch as their head of state.
2. symbol
2.1. nation
Accompaniment
2.2. flag
more detailsTonga/Flag documentcastPlease note.2.3. director
more detailsTonga / Coat of arms documentcastPlease note.3. history
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Around 3000 BC, Tongans settled on the island of Tongatapu, and it is difficult to guess because there are few oral traditions about the history from around 400 BC until the appearance of the Tongan Empire.
Before the arrival of Europeans, they established a primitive empire like Hawaii , the Tongan Empire . Ahoeitu of Tongatapu Island unified the Tonga Islands and took control of all the surrounding areas, but the driving force was the navy , which owned large canoes that could carry 150 people per ship . As for the historic site where the majesty of this era can be seen, there are pyramid- style tombs and altars on the eastern side of Tongatapu Island, and through various tales handed down from all over the South Pacific , it is possible to roughly guess the level of power of the Tongan Empire.
1643 On January 21, Dutchman Abel Tasman became the first European to land on Tongatapu, the main island of Tonga. Then, starting with Captain Cook's party who visited three times after 1773 , explorers and missionaries landed, and the Tongan culture began to change rapidly. More and more Tongans began to convert to Christianity, and the first half of the 19th century was marked by civil wars between tribes over hegemony on the island of Tonga. Finally, in 1845, Taupatahu unified Tonga and was baptized as George Tupou I, establishing the Kingdom of Tonga. In 1875, with the help of the missionary Shirley Baker, King George Tupou I introduced a constitution and transitioned to a constitutional monarchy.
A treaty of friendship with Great Britain was signed on May 18, 1900, and it became a British protectorate for the next 70 years. Diplomacy was represented by a British consul, and finances were also interfered with by the British . In 1918, the Spanish flu landed and killed about 1,800 people, 8% of the population. In 1970, Tonga became completely independent from Britain and joined the Commonwealth . In 2006, the so-called Nuku'alofa riots took place.
On February 13, 2018, in Tonga , most of the island was submerged in water due to Cyclone 'Gita' for the first time in 60 years, and buildings including the National Assembly building were destroyed. #
On May 19, 2020 , in the Western Pacific region, Korea , Australia , China , and Singapore were confirmed as WHO executive board members. Their term of office runs until 2023.
On January 15, 2022 , there was a massive volcanic eruption from an undersea volcano located around the island of Hunga Tonga in Tonga. The scale of the eruption was larger than the area of Korea, and it caused direct damage from a volcanic eruption as well as a tsunami, an unprecedented event in history that brought a tsunami to the entire Pacific region . Although the detailed scale of the damage is currently unknown, it is clear that it is one of the few incidents in history for the country called Tonga.
Before the arrival of Europeans, they established a primitive empire like Hawaii , the Tongan Empire . Ahoeitu of Tongatapu Island unified the Tonga Islands and took control of all the surrounding areas, but the driving force was the navy , which owned large canoes that could carry 150 people per ship . As for the historic site where the majesty of this era can be seen, there are pyramid- style tombs and altars on the eastern side of Tongatapu Island, and through various tales handed down from all over the South Pacific , it is possible to roughly guess the level of power of the Tongan Empire.
1643 On January 21, Dutchman Abel Tasman became the first European to land on Tongatapu, the main island of Tonga. Then, starting with Captain Cook's party who visited three times after 1773 , explorers and missionaries landed, and the Tongan culture began to change rapidly. More and more Tongans began to convert to Christianity, and the first half of the 19th century was marked by civil wars between tribes over hegemony on the island of Tonga. Finally, in 1845, Taupatahu unified Tonga and was baptized as George Tupou I, establishing the Kingdom of Tonga. In 1875, with the help of the missionary Shirley Baker, King George Tupou I introduced a constitution and transitioned to a constitutional monarchy.
A treaty of friendship with Great Britain was signed on May 18, 1900, and it became a British protectorate for the next 70 years. Diplomacy was represented by a British consul, and finances were also interfered with by the British . In 1918, the Spanish flu landed and killed about 1,800 people, 8% of the population. In 1970, Tonga became completely independent from Britain and joined the Commonwealth . In 2006, the so-called Nuku'alofa riots took place.
On February 13, 2018, in Tonga , most of the island was submerged in water due to Cyclone 'Gita' for the first time in 60 years, and buildings including the National Assembly building were destroyed. #
On May 19, 2020 , in the Western Pacific region, Korea , Australia , China , and Singapore were confirmed as WHO executive board members. Their term of office runs until 2023.
On January 15, 2022 , there was a massive volcanic eruption from an undersea volcano located around the island of Hunga Tonga in Tonga. The scale of the eruption was larger than the area of Korea, and it caused direct damage from a volcanic eruption as well as a tsunami, an unprecedented event in history that brought a tsunami to the entire Pacific region . Although the detailed scale of the damage is currently unknown, it is clear that it is one of the few incidents in history for the country called Tonga.
4. nature
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▲ Tongatapu Island , the main island . The urbanized area in the middle is the capital, Nuku'alofa .
It is one of the countries that claim to have the earliest sunrise in the world. Because it is close to the International Date Line. However, small island nations in the South Pacific, such as Kiribati and Fiji , are struggling to attract tourists , claiming that they are the first in the world to see the sun rise.[7] In addition, from December 31, 2011, Samoa , which moved its time zone , also joined the group of countries with the fastest rising sun.
Currently, Kiritimati Island in Kiribati , which is UTC +14 , is ranked first, followed by Samoa , which is UTC +14 during daylight saving time , in second place, Tonga, which is third, and New Zealand and Fiji , which are UTC +13 during daylight saving time , are ranked fourth. It may not seem that important whether the sun rises early or late, but the circumstances are similar.[8] Among South Pacific countries, it is an important issue directly related to national recognition and tourism.
It is one of the countries that claim to have the earliest sunrise in the world. Because it is close to the International Date Line. However, small island nations in the South Pacific, such as Kiribati and Fiji , are struggling to attract tourists , claiming that they are the first in the world to see the sun rise.[7] In addition, from December 31, 2011, Samoa , which moved its time zone , also joined the group of countries with the fastest rising sun.
Currently, Kiritimati Island in Kiribati , which is UTC +14 , is ranked first, followed by Samoa , which is UTC +14 during daylight saving time , in second place, Tonga, which is third, and New Zealand and Fiji , which are UTC +13 during daylight saving time , are ranked fourth. It may not seem that important whether the sun rises early or late, but the circumstances are similar.[8] Among South Pacific countries, it is an important issue directly related to national recognition and tourism.
5. politics
69.74 points | 2022 , 49th in the world |
Among the Oceanian countries , except for the Commonwealth Kingdom, where the Queen of the British is the head of the state, the only king of the country is the constitutional monarchy , and the prime minister is in general.
In 1875 a constitution was proclaimed. It became a British protectorate in 1905, but regained its rights in 1968. Although the constitution was a constitutional monarchy, it was close to an absolute monarchy in reality, and a democratization movement was also carried out. A constitutional amendment in 2010 increased the number of constituencies in general elections and reduced the number of appointments made by the king.
The royal family owned a mansion in New Zealand, but put it up for sale in September 2010.
The democracy index is not measured, but it is a country that is close to the premise monarchy.
In 1875 a constitution was proclaimed. It became a British protectorate in 1905, but regained its rights in 1968. Although the constitution was a constitutional monarchy, it was close to an absolute monarchy in reality, and a democratization movement was also carried out. A constitutional amendment in 2010 increased the number of constituencies in general elections and reduced the number of appointments made by the king.
The royal family owned a mansion in New Zealand, but put it up for sale in September 2010.
The democracy index is not measured, but it is a country that is close to the premise monarchy.
5.1. successive kings
algebra | king's name | period of reign | significant |
1 | 1845.12.4.-1893.2.18. | Opening of the Kingdom of Tonga | |
2 | 1893.2.18.-1918.4.5. | 1900 Anglo-Tonga Friendship Treaty signed[9] | |
3 | 1918.4.5.-1965.12.16. | Queen[10] . allowed women's suffrage | |
4 | 1965.12.16.-2006.9.10. | Restoration of sovereignty. United Nations and Commonwealth Affiliations. first commoner prime minister | |
5 | 2006.9.10.-2012.3.18. | democratization of politics | |
6 | 2012.3.18 ~ |
There are 33 aristocrats under the royal family, and in the 21st century, King Tupou V introduced the one-generation aristocracy system, and 8 people were awarded titles.
5.1.1. nobility
Until the unification of King George Tupou I, Tonga was a loose federation of tribal groups. In 1875 Tonga promulgated its constitution, establishing 20 noble titles. Later, in 1880, 11 were added, bringing the total to 31. One more was added in 1894, 1903, and 1921, bringing the total to 34.
- Ata
- ʻAhomeʻe
- Fakafānua
- Fakatulolo
- Fielakepa
- Fohe
- Fotofili
- Fulibai
- Fusituʻa
- Fungani'ao
- Kalaniuvalu
- Lasike
- Luani
- Lāvaka
- Malupō
- Maʻafu
- Māʻatu
- Niukapu
- Nuku
- Tangipā
- Tuita
- Tungī
- Tupoutoʻa
- Tuʻihaʻangana
- Tuʻihaʻateiho
- Tuʻilakepa
- Tuʻipelehake
- Tuʻivakanō
- Tuʻiʻāfitu
- 'Ulukālala
- Vaea
- Vahaʻi
- Veikune
- Veʻehala
5.2. executive
5.2.1. Prime Minister
more detailsPrime Minister of Tonga documentcastPlease note.algebra | name | tenure | significant |
1 | Tevita Unga | 1876-1879 | eldest son of George Tupou I |
2 | Shirley Waldemer Baker | 1881-1890 | missionary from England |
3 | Siao City Tuqua Lake | 1890-1893 | |
4 | Shiosateki Beikune | 1893-1905 | |
5 | Shiosai Tuipelehake | 1905 | Father of George Tupou II |
6 | Sione Tupou Mateiarona | 1905-1912 | |
7 | Tevita Tuivacono | 1912-1923 | |
8 | Billyami Tunggi Maliefich | 1923-1941 | Husband of Salote Tupou III |
9 | Solomone Ula Atta | 1941-1949 | |
10 | 1949-1965 | Crown prince | |
11 | Fatahei Tuipelehake | 1965-1991 | younger brother of Taupahau Tupou IV |
12 | Sioasi Tuyhala Alipate Baea Tupou | 1991-2000 | nobility (baron) |
13 | 2000-2006 | Crown prince | |
14 | Peletti Sebele | 2006-2010 | first commoner prime minister |
15 | Sir Tuivacano | 2010-2014 | first parliamentary elected prime minister |
16 | 2014-2019 | first change of government | |
- | 2019 | acting job | |
17 | 2019-2021 | ||
18 | 2021- |
Since 2010, the Prime Minister has been elected by Parliament rather than by the King. There are only two non-nobles, Peletti Sebele and Akilish Pohiba. Including the acting job, there are three of them, including Semishika.
5.2.2. cabinet
Since there are 26 members of the parliament, there are times when the number of members of the ruling party is less than the number of ministers in the cabinet , so several ministers are concurrently held.
- Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Foresty
- Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- Ministry of Finance
- Ministry of Lands, Survey & Natural Resources
- Ministry of Police
- Ministry of Public Enterprise
- Ministry of Fisheries
- Ministry of Tonga Fire & Emergency Services
- Ministry of Internal Affair
- Ministry of Infrastructure
- Ministry of Education
- Ministry of Medicine Ministry of Meideccc
- Ministry of Health
- Ministry of Justice
- Ministry of Labor, Commerce & Industries
- Ministry of Tourism
- Ministry of Revenue and Customs
5.2.3. administrative district
The country is divided into 5 subdivisions. Governors are dispatched to these subdivisions.[11]
subdivision | Area (sq km) | Population (2016) | Population density (per square kilometer) | note |
275.5 | 74,611 | 274 | location in the metropolitan area | |
161 | 13,738 | 92.7 | ||
132.11 | 6,125 | 50.2 | ||
88.3 | 4,945 | 58.8 | ||
72 | 1,232 | 17.8 | Territory of Tongatapu | |
Sum | 728.8 | 100,651 | 142.1 |
Sub-district of Tongatapu Island
Subdivisions are further subdivided into districts. These are equivalent to ri units in Korea , but the districts located in Tongatapu are relatively large, with three districts with populations exceeding 10,000. If you hit Korea, you can say it's on the same level. Population in parentheses.
Subdivisions are further subdivided into districts. These are equivalent to ri units in Korea , but the districts located in Tongatapu are relatively large, with three districts with populations exceeding 10,000. If you hit Korea, you can say it's on the same level. Population in parentheses.
- Tongatapu: Kolofo'ou (18,960) / Kolomotu'a (17,100) / Vaini (12,950) / Tatakamotonga (7,230) / Lapaha (7,380) / Nukunuku (7,730) / Kolovai (4,080)
- Babau: Neiafu (5,780) / Pangaimotu (1,325) / Hahake (2,300) / Leimatu'a (2,346) / Hihifo (2,105) / Motu (985)
- Hafi: Lifuka (2,420) / Foa (1,360) / Lulunga (1,057) / Mu'omu'a (609) / Ha'ano (511) / 'Uiha (672)
- Eua: 'Eua Motu'a (2,852) / 'Eua Fo'ou (2,164)
- Niua: Niua Toputapu (760) / Niua Fo'ou (523)
5.3. legislature
It was the Tongan National Assembly building, but was destroyed by Cyclone Gita in 2018. In 2021, the Tongan government announced plans to build a new parliament building.
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The National Assembly of Tonga is unicameral, founded in 1862 by King Tupou I, and a constitution was enacted in 1875. Prior to 2010, government ministers were appointed by the king without the consent of the National Assembly and there were no political parties. Since 2010, the number of seats directly elected by the people has increased from 9 to 17, with the remaining 9 being elected by 33 Tongan nobles. 2014 Election Result 'Friendly System'[12] The Democratic Party' won 12 seats and independents took 5 seats.
In the 2017 general election, the Friendly Islands Democratic Party won 14 seats, recording a single majority. However, in 2019 , Akilish Pohiba , who led the Democratic Party of the Friendly System, passed away, and the party's forces were divided, reducing to eight seats.
In the 2017 general election, the Friendly Islands Democratic Party won 14 seats, recording a single majority. However, in 2019 , Akilish Pohiba , who led the Democratic Party of the Friendly System, passed away, and the party's forces were divided, reducing to eight seats.
5.3.1. political parties
The aristocrats do not form a separate party, but in fact they act like the same negotiating group .
- Friendly System Democratic Party: 2014-2019 ruling party
- People's Party of Tonga : 2019 - ruling party
- Human Rights and Democracy Movement : As a political party where democratization activists gathered, activities have been low since a large number went out to the Democratic Party of the Friendly System.
- Democratic Labor Party of Tonga : In the 2010 general election, candidates were nominated in all 17 constituencies, but none were elected.
- People's National Party of Tonga : A political party founded in 2018 by Colonel Siamelie Ratu, a soldier and diplomat in the Tongan Army . They are royalists and support Tongan cultural conservatism. It is also a political party that raises questions about whether democracy is right for Tongans.
- People's Democratic Party of Tonga : won two seats in the 2006 general election, but has been largely inactive since.
5.3.2. ward
As of 2021, there are 17 general constituencies elected by commoners and 9 aristocratic constituencies where only nobles have the right to vote and vote.
There are 10 general constituencies on the island of Tongatapu, which serves as a metropolitan area with the capital, Nuku'alofa. In addition, there are 1 constituency in Eua Island , 2 in Hafay Islands , 3 constituencies in Babau Islands , and 1 constituency in Nihua Island, for a total of 17 constituencies.
There are three noble constituencies on Tonga Island, two on Vava'u Island, two on Ha'apai Island, one on Eua Island, and one other.
There are 10 general constituencies on the island of Tongatapu, which serves as a metropolitan area with the capital, Nuku'alofa. In addition, there are 1 constituency in Eua Island , 2 in Hafay Islands , 3 constituencies in Babau Islands , and 1 constituency in Nihua Island, for a total of 17 constituencies.
There are three noble constituencies on Tonga Island, two on Vava'u Island, two on Ha'apai Island, one on Eua Island, and one other.
5.3.3. major elections
5.4. judiciary
Tonga's courts have the following structure:
- Land Court: Dedicated to trials on inheritance of land or title.
- Magistrate's Court: Assigned to the Magistrates of the Police. It has powers such as issuing subpoenas, collecting fines, and enforcing the law. It serves as the 1st core.
- Supreme Court[13] : Divorces, lawsuits in excess of $500, and those not assigned to other courts. It serves as the 2 core.
- Court of Appeal: Has exclusive jurisdiction over civil and criminal trials. It acts as a 3 core.
- Privy Council: Acts as an advisory body to the King, but also serves as the Superior Court of the Land Courts.
The Lord Chief Justice is titled as a great nobility . The current head of the Tonga court is the British Michael Whitten. Since becoming a British protectorate in 1905, Tonga's chief justice has been held by a Commonwealth member.
In 2018, for the first time, a Tongan was promoted to the Supreme Court.
6. nation
ʻE ʻotua māfimafi
Ko homau ʻeiki koe
Ko koe ko e falalaʻanga
Mo e 'ofa ki Tonga;
ʻAfio hifo ʻemau lotu
ʻA ia ʻoku mau faí ni
Mo ke tali homau loto
ʻO maluʻi ʻa Tupou.
7. Military
more detailsTonga county documentcastPlease note.8. economy
Tonga's economy is based on the primary industry, which mainly focuses on agricultural products such as copra and bananas , and there is only a small amount of aquatic products other than that. As of 1997, the composition of gross domestic product (GDP) was agriculture. 30% , industrial 10% , service industry It is 60% . The population engaged in agriculture accounts for 65% of the total labor force , and the main agricultural products are coconut , cocoa , and coffee . As many Tongans work in New Zealand or Australia , overseas remittances are also an important source of income. In recent years, tourism accounts for a large share of revenue, and offshore oil fields are being developed. In 1999, exports were $7.79 million and imports were $68.72 million. In 2005 , exports were $19 million and imports were $128 million. The monetary unit is the panga.
Recently, sweet pumpkins from Tonga can be found at large supermarkets. Compared to Korean sweet pumpkins, they are huge in size.
Recently, sweet pumpkins from Tonga can be found at large supermarkets. Compared to Korean sweet pumpkins, they are huge in size.
8.1. information communication
The .to domain is originally a Tongan domain, but it can be used in other countries as much as you like. The royal family of Tonga leased their domains to domain companies for national finance, and these companies provide services so that anyone can use them for a fee. In particular, since the Tongan domain is reminiscent of the English preposition ' to' and is easy to memorize , it was a popular domain in the early days of the spread of the Internet (especially the World Wide Web ).
in the early days
In Korea, along with the homepage creation craze, several companies
In this way, there are often cases where small countries open their own domains to the world. Among them , examples of relatively widely used ones include .cc ( Cocos Islands ), .tv ( Tuvalu ), and .ai ( Anguilla ).
As an aside, the mobile Pentium II's code name is Tonga.
in the early days
go.to/your addressmewelcome.to/your addressThere was also a service that redirects the site in the same format, but it is not currently in service. It was a revenue model in the form of slightly popping up advertisements before being redirected, but I don't think it was that good. Above all, the redirection service is perfect for being exploited for phishing . For example, if you enter go.to/google, you may be connected to a completely unrelated phishing site.In Korea, along with the homepage creation craze, several companies
Desired address.Two Roman letters.toIt also provided a service that makes short URLs of the form free of charge. However, in English, in general, a word should come after to, but there is nothing after the .to domain, so it may be because it is empty (...) These days, it has become rare to see websites using this domain.In this way, there are often cases where small countries open their own domains to the world. Among them , examples of relatively widely used ones include .cc ( Cocos Islands ), .tv ( Tuvalu ), and .ai ( Anguilla ).
As an aside, the mobile Pentium II's code name is Tonga.
9. society
The languages used are Tongan and English . It is still a class-based society with a strict distinction between nobles and commoners, and many problems are so serious that democratization protests took place in 2006 and eventually developed into riots, leading to the declaration of a state of emergency. Although the riot was suppressed, the problem has been somewhat alleviated due to the impact of the riot. However, even today, nobles still have many privileges compared to commoners. It is said that arable land is distributed free of charge to all males who reach the age of majority. Tonga's birth rate is around 3, which raises concerns about a population explosion. However, since a significant portion of Tonga's population often immigrates to Commonwealth countries such as New Zealand and Australia to look for jobs, the population growth rate on the Tongan mainland is not very high, so there does not seem to be a problem of lack of arable land.
Obesity rates are high, which is a problem, a problem that other Oceania countries are experiencing as well. According to the announcement in 2007, the average height of Tongan adult men is 180 cm and 90 kg, and women are 170 cm and 80 kg...[14] The former King, Taupahau Tupou IV (1918-2006), was 200kg obese and personally helped increase Tonga's obesity rate. Still, he unexpectedly died enjoying a long life at the age of 88.
Obesity rates are high, which is a problem, a problem that other Oceania countries are experiencing as well. According to the announcement in 2007, the average height of Tongan adult men is 180 cm and 90 kg, and women are 170 cm and 80 kg...[14] The former King, Taupahau Tupou IV (1918-2006), was 200kg obese and personally helped increase Tonga's obesity rate. Still, he unexpectedly died enjoying a long life at the age of 88.
9.1. religion
As you can see from the flag, the majority of the population is Christian . Although it is considered a secular country , the Free Wesleyan Church , one of the Methodist denominations , is the de facto state religion of Tonga, the royal religion, and has great social influence. Christianity was introduced in the mid- 19th century , so it is relatively recent, but perhaps because it is a devoutly Christian country, most stores are closed on Sundays and people can rest well.[15] It is said that planes are not flown unless there is a special event. Article 6 of the Tongan Constitution even stipulates the observance of the Sabbath except in cases where it is required by law . # Therefore, it is unconstitutional to work on this day. Any agreement made or witnessed on the Sabbath is void and has no legal effect.
Among Tongans, 36% are members of the Free Wesleyan Church, 18% are members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , 14% are Catholics , and 14% are members of the Free Church of Tonga.[16] Believers account for 12%.
Among Tongans, 36% are members of the Free Wesleyan Church, 18% are members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , 14% are Catholics , and 14% are members of the Free Church of Tonga.[16] Believers account for 12%.
9.2. population
Wikipedia Population of Tonga
In the 1930s, Tonga had a population of 32,000. There are currently over 150,000 Tongan diaspora, with about 2% of the population moving abroad every year.
The population is still growing, with the total fertility rate reaching 3.5 in 2016 . As of 2016, the population reached 100,651, and there were 2,632 newborns. In Korea, there are still 1.35 million newborns born, but even in 2016, there were only 400,000, and considering that the number of births in Korea was 260,000 as of 2021, it is indeed a huge difference. However, the population growth rate is low due to the high population outflow.
Ethnically, 98% are Polynesians , making it a virtually homogeneous nation .
In the 1930s, Tonga had a population of 32,000. There are currently over 150,000 Tongan diaspora, with about 2% of the population moving abroad every year.
The population is still growing, with the total fertility rate reaching 3.5 in 2016 . As of 2016, the population reached 100,651, and there were 2,632 newborns. In Korea, there are still 1.35 million newborns born, but even in 2016, there were only 400,000, and considering that the number of births in Korea was 260,000 as of 2021, it is indeed a huge difference. However, the population growth rate is low due to the high population outflow.
Ethnically, 98% are Polynesians , making it a virtually homogeneous nation .
10. culture
Polynesian culture | |||
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Like Fiji , he enjoys drinking kava .
There is a peculiar etiquette that is different from other countries. When a high-ranking person passes by, you must sit down. In events such as visits by foreign dignitaries, coronation ceremonies, and visits of the king, people sit cross-legged on the road where the dignitaries pass by and pay their respects. #
A South Pacific-style sashimi dish called " Ota Ika " has been developed.
10.1. sports
Although it is a country in the Commonwealth, as is always the case with island countries in the South Pacific, rugby is the most popular here . Of course, advancing to the finals of the Rugby World Cup is the best yet , and they have never made it to the quarterfinals, but they are a strong team that constantly moves between 10th and 15th in the world rankings. The Rugby World Cup, one of the world's three major sporting events for ball games, is also a regular participant. There is a national rugby league team that Korea does not have , and it also participates in the Rugby League World Cup.
New Zealand national rugby union team before the match at the 2011 Rugby World Cup in New Zealand Tonga 's national rugby union team performs the traditional dance sipee tau against the All Blacks' haka. |
Samoa before their match at the 2017 Rugby League World Cup co-hosted by Australia , New Zealand and Papua New Guinea They dance the Tonga national rugby league national sippi tau against the national rugby league national team's shiva tau . |
In football , it is competing for the last place in the FIFA rankings along with American Samoa , Bhutan and Montserrat . During the 2002 Korea-Japan World Cup regional qualifiers, Australia lost 0-22, and has the record for the most goals conceded in A matches, second only to American Samoa, who lost 0-31. At that time, he won 5-0 against American Samoa, but lost 1-2 to American Samoa in the 2014 Brazil World Cup regional qualifier, becoming American Samoa's only one-win sacrifice in A match. In the 2018 World Cup qualifiers in Russia, they lost again 1-2 to American Samoa.
Participated in the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics for the first time. Bruno Banani participated in the luge event, which is also called the Tongan version of Cool Running . It is said that he changed his sport from rugby to luge following the order of the Princess of Tonga who wanted to participate in the Winter Olympics .
At the opening ceremony of the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics, Tonga 's flag bearer Pita Taupatofua showed off her mettle by entering without a top in sub-zero weather. He also participated as a Taekwondo representative at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympics . Afterwards, through perseverance, he participated as a cross-country national representative.[17]
Haku , a professional wrestler who played for WCW and WWE in the 1980s and 1990s, hails from Tonga. His sons, Tama Tonga and Tanga Loa , are also professional wrestlers. At the 1996 Atlanta Olympics , Paia Wolfgram competed in the boxing super-heavyweight division and won Tonga's only Olympic medal (silver).[18]
Participated in the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics for the first time. Bruno Banani participated in the luge event, which is also called the Tongan version of Cool Running . It is said that he changed his sport from rugby to luge following the order of the Princess of Tonga who wanted to participate in the Winter Olympics .
At the opening ceremony of the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics, Tonga 's flag bearer Pita Taupatofua showed off her mettle by entering without a top in sub-zero weather. He also participated as a Taekwondo representative at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympics . Afterwards, through perseverance, he participated as a cross-country national representative.[17]
Haku , a professional wrestler who played for WCW and WWE in the 1980s and 1990s, hails from Tonga. His sons, Tama Tonga and Tanga Loa , are also professional wrestlers. At the 1996 Atlanta Olympics , Paia Wolfgram competed in the boxing super-heavyweight division and won Tonga's only Olympic medal (silver).[18]
11. incident accident
11.1. 2022 submarine volcanic eruption in Tonga
more details2022 submarine volcanic eruption in Tonga documentcastPlease note.12. diplomacy
more detailsTonga/Diplomatic documentcastPlease note.13. look around
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[ Expand/Collapse ][A] 1.1 1.2 It is in a free association with New Zealand and is treated as either a country or a dependency depending on one's perspective.[B] Although it is the 50th state of the United States and is part of the continental United States, it is part of Polynesian territory due to its Polynesian culture. |
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[1] Gyeongsangnam-do Similar to Changwon City .[2] Measured prior to the 2022 Tonga subsea volcanic eruption , it may actually have declined even further.[3] As of 2025.[4] Among these , the Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga , to which 36% of Tonga's citizens, including the King and royal family, is often mistaken as the state religion of Tonga (it was also indicated as the state religion in this document), but Tonga does not have an official state religion.[5] Tokaikolo Christian Church ( an indigenous Protestant denomination that exists only in Polynesia ), Anglican Church , Seventh- day Adventist Church , Assemblies of God ( Pentecostal Church ), Jehovah's Witnesses , etc.[6] Hinduism , Buddhism , Islam , etc.[7] If the International Date Line is a straight line, Fiji's Taveuni Island becomes today and yesterday with a single sign.[8] Similar natural environment, similar level of industrial development, similar level of prices, similar level of international recognition, similar population outflow problem, etc.[9] This made Tonga a protectorate like the Korean Empire from 1905-10. Still , the situation is better than the Kamehameha Dynasty in Hawaii or the Pomare Dynasty in Tahiti , where the dynasty itself has disappeared .[10] 1900~1965. He is said to have been 191 cm tall.[11] Since it is a monarchical country, it can be called a governor, but the scale is one eup or myeon unit.[12] Name given to the Tonga Islands by Captain James Cook[13] Contrary to its name, it is not the highest court.[14] The weight is similar to or slightly higher than in the United States, where obesity is serious. Still taller.[15] In fact , in addition to the influence of Christianity , Tonga is a hot tropical country , so the purpose is to take a little rest to prevent casualties from sunstroke . Thanks to the great influence of religion, there is also a good cause for rest.[16] As a part of the Methodist Church, it was originally established by the first King George Tupou I to separate from the Methodist Church in Australia, but later, when Queen Salote Tupou III merged with the existing Methodist Church and installed the current Free Wesleyan Church, they rebelled against it. withdrew in 1928.[17] At the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, which will be held in 2021, Taekwondo, the main event, will again compete.[18] The opponent he met in the final was, of course, Ukraine 's Vladimir Klitschko, who later became a pro boxing heavyweight legend . Although it was unfortunately defeated by Klitschko 7-3 and ended up with a silver medal, this medal is significant in that it is the first Olympic medal won by an Oceania country excluding Australia and New Zealand. After that, Samoa 's Elé Opeloge, who competed in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Women's Weightlifting Unlimited Class (the very event where Korea's Jang Mi- ran won the gold medal), narrowly missed the medal by finishing in 4th place at the time of the competition, but the original silver and bronze medalist's doping A few examples include promotion to a silver medal when facts were discovered and Fiji 's gold medal in men's rugby at the 2016 Rio de Janeiro Olympics .
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