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The vandals' plunder |
1. outline
Vandals
As a sect of the Germanic people , the first mention was in the records of Pliny the Elder . The Vandals are divided into the Shillingi Vandals and the Hasdingi Vandals. According to research, the Hasdingi Vandals were in competition with the Goths during the reign of Constantine I, and when he died, they migrated to Pannonia and lived along the Danube River. The origin is unclear, but like the Goths[1] It is believed to have migrated south from Scandinavia.[2]
According to the later historian Jordanes , between 330 and 335, or in Roman terms, at the end of Constantine I, a Goth chieftain invaded the vast territory of the Vandals to expand his territory, and the Vandal chieftain was said to have died. Then, in the early 5th century, an outstanding figure named Gaiserik appeared and began to rise to the top level among the Germanic tribes.
As a sect of the Germanic people , the first mention was in the records of Pliny the Elder . The Vandals are divided into the Shillingi Vandals and the Hasdingi Vandals. According to research, the Hasdingi Vandals were in competition with the Goths during the reign of Constantine I, and when he died, they migrated to Pannonia and lived along the Danube River. The origin is unclear, but like the Goths[1] It is believed to have migrated south from Scandinavia.[2]
According to the later historian Jordanes , between 330 and 335, or in Roman terms, at the end of Constantine I, a Goth chieftain invaded the vast territory of the Vandals to expand his territory, and the Vandal chieftain was said to have died. Then, in the early 5th century, an outstanding figure named Gaiserik appeared and began to rise to the top level among the Germanic tribes.
2. history
2.1. The Vandals of the Great German Invasion
In the early 5th century, the invasion of the Huns led to a great migration and marched westward to the borders of Rome. Most of the Vandals were Arians. He is said to have converted to Christianity .
In 406, it crossed the Danube River and was pushed into Pannonia, resisted by the Franks who were being assimilated by Rome in northern Gaul , and suffered damage such as the death of 20,000 people . It is said that they devastated it as they moved south and drove as far as Aquitaine .
In the early 5th century , he continued to go south and went beyond the Pyrenees to enter Hispania . At this time, there was no power to fight against Rome alone, so they were united with the Evians and the Alan people who escaped the Huns. In the early days, the Alan seemed to have been initiated by the coalition. They accepted Spain while the Sergot, led by Alarik, broke out, but each other , who succeeded in dying and gaining the cooperation of Atawif ., began to fight back with the Goth. Eventually, the attack was absorbed by the collapse of the Catalvandal, a member of the Heard Ding, and the Alan was hit by the vandal tribe, and the initiative was handed over to the Vandal.
In 406, it crossed the Danube River and was pushed into Pannonia, resisted by the Franks who were being assimilated by Rome in northern Gaul , and suffered damage such as the death of 20,000 people . It is said that they devastated it as they moved south and drove as far as Aquitaine .
In the early 5th century , he continued to go south and went beyond the Pyrenees to enter Hispania . At this time, there was no power to fight against Rome alone, so they were united with the Evians and the Alan people who escaped the Huns. In the early days, the Alan seemed to have been initiated by the coalition. They accepted Spain while the Sergot, led by Alarik, broke out, but each other , who succeeded in dying and gaining the cooperation of Atawif ., began to fight back with the Goth. Eventually, the attack was absorbed by the collapse of the Catalvandal, a member of the Heard Ding, and the Alan was hit by the vandal tribe, and the initiative was handed over to the Vandal.
2.2. Vandal Kingdom Era
more detailsvandal kingdom documentcastPlease note.2.3. after destruction
After the East Roman Empire's Carthage's financial clothes, their national identity was quickly lost. Choi Jung -ye was organized as a cavalry solidarity and was deployed on the Persian front, and some became a member of the Bucellarii, which had some private characters, not Belisarius's regular units. In addition, it remained in Africa and was assimilated to locals[3] It is said that it has been distributed to various parts of East Roma. During the rebellion of Thomas, a slab in the early 9th century, the Vandal was supported by Thomas with many people. It is estimated that the East Remaining people have insisted on the name they were called or called the Persians, such as skit ties and the Turks as Persians, but it is believed that the Vandal lived in the East Roman Empire for quite some time.[4] It is also because the empire tried to root out the traces of the Vandal. It seems to be a retaliation measure because it has given several humiliation to the empire during the Gaiserik and persecuted the Orthodox (Nicaea-Calkedon) church.[5] According to an Irish scholar named JB Burger , as if there was no half -moon kingdom (As if it it[6] Had Never Been) also appears. In fact, after the recapture, the empire ordered that all property and land ownership was returned to the half -moon occupation, which is almost 100 years ago . The Vandal was banned, as well as property of property, and most men were slaves, and women were taken by the Roman troops, and Calkedon Orthodox Church was restored to its original position, and the Arius Church was confiscated and persecuted.[7]
3. language
more detailshalf moon documentcastPlease note.The Vandal language was used until the 6th century .
4. Vandalism ?
Italian cities were not hit as badly as other Western cities in the early 5th and 6th centuries. Alaric's sack of Rome in 410 was a major psychological shock, but in reality it did not cause much destruction. Even the attack of the Vandals in 455 was not such a serious disaster. However, during Justinian's wars of reconquest, most of the great cities of Italy, including even Rome, were razed to the ground and depopulated.-"Heikelheim's Roman History" (translated by Deoksu Kim), page 981
During the move of the Germanic tribes, they invaded Roman poetry and committed numerous plunder and civilization destruction, which caused the words that they derived from them , but in fact, it was a tremendous shock to the Romans in itself that the immigrants had invaded the Roman city . It is said to have moved to North Africa.
The word vandalism was the first word that first appeared in the Vandal 's destruction during the French Revolution . In fact, they focused on plundering the cultural assets of Roman City, and in the process, they were unintentionally damaged and intentionally smashed cultural assets .
The Vandal of the 5th century had already accepted the Roman culture and acknowledged the excellence of Roman culture.In 455, when the Van Dal crossed the Teverre River and occupied the Roman poetry , Leo I , who was then the Pope , met Gaiserik to refrain from destroying urban. Rather, they gave up their languages in North Africa, adopted Catholics at the last minute, and showed interest in literature and theology.
And in 533, the General Belisarius under the Eastern East Roh Empire, Euestinian Emperor, landed in North Africa, captured the capital Carthage in two weeks, and removed the traces of the Vandal in less than a year.[8] So rather, they were vandalism by Rome, so they did not remain.
5. typical vandal people
- Flavius Stilicho - Unexpected but true. His father is a half-moon, half-moon half-moon. It is presumed that some of the Vandals were friendly to Rome or surrendered to Rome.
6.
[1] The Goths originally originated in Sweden in the Scandinavian Peninsula, passed through the island of Gotland (named because the Goths lived there), crossed the Baltic Sea, and landed in what is now the 3 Baltic States . They continued to live there until they came in.[2] Ruth H. Sanders, 2010《German: Biography of a Language: Biography of a Language》[3] Considering that even now there are red flags in Tunisia and Algeria , it is probable that there was a genetic influence from them. In fact, there are cities in Algeria and elsewhere where their descendants live.[4] From the English Wikipedia Vandal Kingdom , 'The surviving Vandals either assimilated into the indigenous African population or were dispersed among the Byzantine territories. ' and 'The best Vandal warriors were formed into five cavalry regiments , known as Vandali Iustiniani, and stationed on the Persian frontier . Some entered the private service of Belisarius. ' and 'Most Vandals remained in North Africa and were absorbed into the native Berber population. In the words of historian Roger Collins: "The remaining Vandals were then shipped back to Constantinople to be absorbed into the imperial army . As a distinct ethnic unit they disappeared. "'[5] Among the Germanic kingdoms, the Vandal kingdom had several victories over Rome, and because it was Africa, it had to cross the sea from the standpoint of Constantinople, so the degree of subordination to the empire was the weakest and the degree of independence was the strongest.[6] It is a 'Vandal conquest' as you can see from the full sentence in the footnote below.[7] english wikipedia During the Vandalic War , 'The emperor was determined to restore the province to its former extent and prosperity — indeed, in the words of JB Bury, he intended "to wipe out all traces of the Vandal conquest, as if it had never been, and to restore the conditions which had existed before the coming of Geiseric". To this end, the Vandals were barred from holding office or even property, which was returned to its former owners; most Vandal males became slaves, while the victorious Roman soldiers took their wives; and the Chalcedonian Church was restored to its former position while the Arian Church was dispossessed and persecuted.'[8] The army of Estinia has also destroyed college in Italy.
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