Taiwan's president
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  President of the Republic of China 中華民國總統 President of the Republic of China | |
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incumbent | Laichingde / 16th |
inauguration day | |
party | |
official residence | |
term of office | 4 year reappointment system |
Website |   |
1. outline
中華民國總統
Taiwan 's head of state . The title of the head of state is President , but the Chinese translation of president is President .
The official name is 'President of the Republic of China', but the current Republic of China is commonly known as 'Taiwan' and 'Taiwan'.[1] The current presidential president of the Republic of China is often called Taiwanese President and Taiwan President. The representative department of Taiyi Bay in Korea will mix the Taiwanese President and the President of the Republic of China.
Since the mainland does not recognize the Republic of China in Taiwan as a country according to the one-China principle, the modern President of the Republic of China is officially referred to as the "Leading Person of the Taiwan Region " (台湾地区领导人), and also the "Leading Person of the Taiwan Area" (台湾). Terms such as “方面领导人” and “Taiwan authorities’ Yeongdoin (台湾当局领导人)” are used. In Korea, in most cases, 總統 is expressed as the President by reading the Chinese characters as they are, but there are also cases where it is paraphrased and referred to as the ‘President of Taiwan (or the Republic of China).’[2]
The current President of the Republic of China is Lai Qingde, a member of the Democratic Progressive Party .
Taiwan 's head of state . The title of the head of state is President , but the Chinese translation of president is President .
The official name is 'President of the Republic of China', but the current Republic of China is commonly known as 'Taiwan' and 'Taiwan'.[1] The current presidential president of the Republic of China is often called Taiwanese President and Taiwan President. The representative department of Taiyi Bay in Korea will mix the Taiwanese President and the President of the Republic of China.
Since the mainland does not recognize the Republic of China in Taiwan as a country according to the one-China principle, the modern President of the Republic of China is officially referred to as the "Leading Person of the Taiwan Region " (台湾地区领导人), and also the "Leading Person of the Taiwan Area" (台湾). Terms such as “方面领导人” and “Taiwan authorities’ Yeongdoin (台湾当局领导人)” are used. In Korea, in most cases, 總統 is expressed as the President by reading the Chinese characters as they are, but there are also cases where it is paraphrased and referred to as the ‘President of Taiwan (or the Republic of China).’[2]
The current President of the Republic of China is Lai Qingde, a member of the Democratic Progressive Party .
2. symbol
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People's Republic of China flag | Emblem of the Presidential Office of the Republic of China |
3. list
more detailsRepublic of China President/List documentcastPlease note.4. history
The history before the constitution is a document of the head of state of the Republic of China . Before the Constitution, the head of state was not collectively called the President, and although the title Grand Chongtong (大總統) was used in the early days of the founding of the nation, in the late Beiyang government , the head of the state was called the Grand Marshal of the Army and Navy (大元帥).[3] , during the National Government period, titles such as Chairman (主席) were used.
4.1. After the enactment of the Constitution
On December 25, 1946, the Constitution of the Republic of China was enacted, and from then on, the title of head of state was President of the Republic of China. The separation of the five powers, which Sun Yat-sen had only dreamed of but failed to put into practice, was finally reflected in national governance, and the National Congress was convened through an election by voters across the country, and the President was elected at the National Congress. The term of office was six years, and more than three terms were impossible.
According to the original separation of powers, the five powers of legislation, judiciary, administration, inspection, and selection of civil servants are equally checked and the President oversees all five powers, but the 1946 Constitution of the Republic of China established an awkward dual administration in which some power was concentrated in the head of the Executive Yuan. This was because the demands of the Chinese Communist Party were accepted to some extent. However, the Chinese Communist Party refused to participate in the government of the Republic of China and the National Congress, which excluded all Communist Party personnel, and almost unanimously elected Chiang Kai-shek as the first President in March 1947.
According to the original separation of powers, the five powers of legislation, judiciary, administration, inspection, and selection of civil servants are equally checked and the President oversees all five powers, but the 1946 Constitution of the Republic of China established an awkward dual administration in which some power was concentrated in the head of the Executive Yuan. This was because the demands of the Chinese Communist Party were accepted to some extent. However, the Chinese Communist Party refused to participate in the government of the Republic of China and the National Congress, which excluded all Communist Party personnel, and almost unanimously elected Chiang Kai-shek as the first President in March 1947.
4.2. after the national apocalypse
The Republic of China was gradually losing territory to the Communist Party, and Chiang Kai-shek passed the Provisional Provision of the Temporary Provision of Mobilization and Demobilization, an emergency measure that effectively suspended the Constitution at the National Congress, where the Kuomintang had an absolute advantage. The power of the President was greatly strengthened, and elections for the Legislative Yuan (National Assembly), the Inspector General, and the National Congress were suspended, allowing members of the National Assembly who were directly elected by the people and indirectly elected by the Holy Assembly from 1946 to 1948 to serve until their deaths. Since the President was also elected at the National Congress, the National Congress, which was filled with Kuomintang personnel, continued to elect Chiang Kai-shek as President. Later, during the period of mobilization, a clause was added to the Provisional Articles stating that the President could be reappointed indefinitely. Chiang Kai-shek neutralized the limit on reappointment and remained President until his death, wielding absolute power.
This system lasted until the 1990s, when the Provisional Provisional Government for Mobilization and Insurrection was abolished and the country became democratized through several constitutional amendments, and the president was elected through direct elections starting in 1996. The term of office was also reduced from 6 years to 4 years, and more than 3 terms are not possible. Lee Teng-hui served two terms, the first for six years and the second for four years, for a total of 10 years. Including his reappointment as Vice President following the death of the President, it is 12 years.
This system lasted until the 1990s, when the Provisional Provisional Government for Mobilization and Insurrection was abolished and the country became democratized through several constitutional amendments, and the president was elected through direct elections starting in 1996. The term of office was also reduced from 6 years to 4 years, and more than 3 terms are not possible. Lee Teng-hui served two terms, the first for six years and the second for four years, for a total of 10 years. Including his reappointment as Vice President following the death of the President, it is 12 years.
5.
- Conclusion of treaties, propaganda and strengthening
- law fear
- issued an emergency order
- envoy, ambassador, lottery
- The right to appoint the President of the Executive Yuan and the ministers and vice-ministerial level personnel recommended by the President of the Executive Yuan
- The right to appoint the chief/vice director of the Judicial Yuan , the chief/vice director of the Inspection Service, and the chief/vice director of the Goshiwon ( consent from the Legislative Yuan is required)
- The right to dissolve the Legislative Yuan (National Assembly) (limited to when the motion of no confidence in the president of the Executive Yuan is passed), etc.
6. election and tenure
Originally, he was elected through indirect election at the National Congress, but currently, the President of Taiwan is elected through universal suffrage by voters in Taiwan districts (Taiwan, Penghu Islands, Kinmen County, Mazu Islands, etc., areas under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of China) .
To run for the presidential election, you must be over 40 years old, have lived in the free zone of the Republic of China for at least 15 years, and have lived there for at least 6 consecutive months. naturalized citizen[4] , Hong Kong/Macau/Mainland China residents, military personnel, and National Election Commission officials are not eligible to run. The term of office is four years, and like the U.S. president , he can only be reappointed once and cannot serve more than three terms. The presidential candidate must always run in a group with the vice-presidential candidate.
To run for the presidential election, you must be over 40 years old, have lived in the free zone of the Republic of China for at least 15 years, and have lived there for at least 6 consecutive months. naturalized citizen[4] , Hong Kong/Macau/Mainland China residents, military personnel, and National Election Commission officials are not eligible to run. The term of office is four years, and like the U.S. president , he can only be reappointed once and cannot serve more than three terms. The presidential candidate must always run in a group with the vice-presidential candidate.
7. impeachment
In Taiwan's Constitutional Amendment Supplement, dismissal and impeachment are stipulated as systems for forcibly removing the President from office. There are procedural differences between the two systems.
A motion for dismissal can be proposed in the Legislative Yuan (National Assembly) with the consent of 1/4 of all legislative members (National Assembly members) and submitted with the consent of 2/3 of all legislative members. Afterwards, a referendum is held and a majority vote is held, and if the majority agrees, it is immediately passed and the President or Vice President is dismissed. This is similar to the national recall system .[5][6]
On the other hand, the impeachment proposal of the president or the vice -president will be submitted in the same way and requested the sentiment of the Supreme Court Justice. The Supreme Court must decide whether to dismiss the impeachment plan through the Constitutional Tribunal. If cited, the impeachment complaints or vice president are immediately dismissed. If the president is dismissed, his residual terms are vice president.[7]
Before the supplementary statement of amendment was added, the Board of Inspector General submitted a bill of impeachment and the National Assembly voted to impeach the President and Vice President. From 1997, it was changed to the Legislative Yuan submitting impeachment proposals instead of the Inspector General, and in 2005, when the function of the National Assembly was suspended, it was revised to the current version.
To date, no President has been impeached, and the only impeachment among Vice Presidents was in 1954, when Li Zongren, whose term had already expired, was impeached at the Second National Congress in order to serve as Deputy President. Taiwan's Presidential Office limits Li Zhongren's term of office to the time when Li Zhongren went into exile in the United States, but legally, Li Zhongren maintained the title of Vice President even during his exile in the United States, and based on this, he intervened in Taiwanese politics.
A motion for dismissal can be proposed in the Legislative Yuan (National Assembly) with the consent of 1/4 of all legislative members (National Assembly members) and submitted with the consent of 2/3 of all legislative members. Afterwards, a referendum is held and a majority vote is held, and if the majority agrees, it is immediately passed and the President or Vice President is dismissed. This is similar to the national recall system .[5][6]
On the other hand, the impeachment proposal of the president or the vice -president will be submitted in the same way and requested the sentiment of the Supreme Court Justice. The Supreme Court must decide whether to dismiss the impeachment plan through the Constitutional Tribunal. If cited, the impeachment complaints or vice president are immediately dismissed. If the president is dismissed, his residual terms are vice president.[7]
Before the supplementary statement of amendment was added, the Board of Inspector General submitted a bill of impeachment and the National Assembly voted to impeach the President and Vice President. From 1997, it was changed to the Legislative Yuan submitting impeachment proposals instead of the Inspector General, and in 2005, when the function of the National Assembly was suspended, it was revised to the current version.
To date, no President has been impeached, and the only impeachment among Vice Presidents was in 1954, when Li Zongren, whose term had already expired, was impeached at the Second National Congress in order to serve as Deputy President. Taiwan's Presidential Office limits Li Zhongren's term of office to the time when Li Zhongren went into exile in the United States, but legally, Li Zhongren maintained the title of Vice President even during his exile in the United States, and based on this, he intervened in Taiwanese politics.
8. inauguration
2020 May 20th President Tsai Ing-wen 's second term (re-election) inauguration.
Taiwan's presidential oath ceremony is supervised by the President of the Judicial Yuan, the head of the judiciary, and the President of the Legislative Yuan delivers the national seal . The posture of the oath of office is similar to the Roman salute . On the side receiving the salute is the portrait of Sun Yat- sen, the national father of the Republic of China, located in the Presidential Office Building .
"I solemnly and truthfully swear before the people of the whole country that I will abide by the Constitution, faithfully perform my duties, promote the welfare of the people, defend the country, and live up to the trust of the people, and that if I violate these rules, I will be punished by the state. I will.
- Taiwan President's oath of office
According to Article 48 of Taiwan's Constitution, all president-elects must take the relevant oath at the inauguration ceremony. The President of the Judiciary takes the oath on behalf of the people.
The inauguration ceremony is generally held on Ketagalan (Kaydagaran) Boulevard, the main street in front of the Presidential Office . The presidential inauguration ceremony is held in a simple and pitiful manner. Since there are not many countries with diplomatic relations and there are not many foreign guests, the presidential inauguration ceremony usually ends in about 2-3 hours, and even the VIP dinner takes about 5 hours. The inauguration ceremony begins at 10 o'clock and ends at 18 o'clock at the latest. The US Presidential Inauguration Ceremony starts at 9 o'clock, the main event alone lasts 6 hours, and the VIP dinner lasts until late at night, but Taiwan is very different.
9. Führer Private Plane
more detailsTaiwan's Presidential Plane documentcastPlease note.It is named Air Force 3701 and operates with one Boeing 737-800. As the name suggests, it is managed by the Republic of China Air Force and is located at Taipei Songshan International Airport, which also serves as a military airport , and takes off from there when the President visits overseas.
Taiwan's diplomatic relations are mostly concentrated in the South Pacific and Central and South America, and most of them are not accessible by direct flights. Therefore, when visiting these countries, the president stops by the U.S. mainland or Hawaii . However, the president does not simply stop by, but also engages in unofficial diplomatic activities such as meeting with local Chinese or high-ranking U.S. officials . China is demanding that the U.S. not allow the Taiwanese president to transit through the U.S.
Taiwan's diplomatic relations are mostly concentrated in the South Pacific and Central and South America, and most of them are not accessible by direct flights. Therefore, when visiting these countries, the president stops by the U.S. mainland or Hawaii . However, the president does not simply stop by, but also engages in unofficial diplomatic activities such as meeting with local Chinese or high-ranking U.S. officials . China is demanding that the U.S. not allow the Taiwanese president to transit through the U.S.
10. throne utensils
more detailsPresidential Office documentcastPlease note.11. office
more detailsPresidential Office (Taiwan) documentcastPlease note. more detailsNanjing Presidential Office documentcastPlease note. more detailsZhongnanhai documentcastPlease note.At the time of the founding of the Republic of China, the Beiyang government used Zhongnanhai in Beijing as the president's office and official residence . The Nationalist Government , which was established after the Beiyang government was overthrown by Chiang Kai-shek's Northern Expedition, had its office in the former Ming Dynasty imperial palace in Nanjing , and after the advent of the First Nation , it kept its office in the former Taiwan Governor-General building .
12. salary
During the time of President Chen Shui-bian , Taiwan's president was the second highest-paid national leader in the world after Singapore's prime minister, receiving an annual salary of about 9,864,000 Taiwan dollars , or about 360 million won per year when converted to Korean won. link
However, as corruption issues arose one after another at the end of President Chen Shui-bian's term, complaints arose as to why the president's salary was so high, and eventually, when Ma Ying-jeou became the new president, the salary was cut by about half. Fortunately , the annual salary increased slightly before and after President Tsai Ing-wen took office, and the current annual salary is 5,885,520 Taiwan dollars , which is about 218 million won in Korean won.[8]
However, as corruption issues arose one after another at the end of President Chen Shui-bian's term, complaints arose as to why the president's salary was so high, and eventually, when Ma Ying-jeou became the new president, the salary was cut by about half. Fortunately , the annual salary increased slightly before and after President Tsai Ing-wen took office, and the current annual salary is 5,885,520 Taiwan dollars , which is about 218 million won in Korean won.[8]
13. Former Führer alive
There are currently three living former presidents: Chen Shui-bian , Ma Ying-jeou , and Tsai Ing-wen .
There are two people who have served as presidents on the continent: Chiang Kai-shek, the first president after the constitution, and Li Zhongren, the acting president . With the death of Chiang Ching-kuo, there are currently no presidents from the mainland left, and although Ma Ying-jeou is from Hong Kong, which is on the mainland , it is meaningless as she was born on the way to refuge and did not spend her childhood in Hong Kong, but grew up in Taiwan. In any case, Ma Ying-jeou is the only living former president who was born outside of Taiwan . As an aside, Chen Shui-bian is the first president who was born in the Republic of China and whose land is still the Republic of China. Lee Teng-hui was born in Taiwan, but at the time it was a Japanese territory.
There are two people who have served as presidents on the continent: Chiang Kai-shek, the first president after the constitution, and Li Zhongren, the acting president . With the death of Chiang Ching-kuo, there are currently no presidents from the mainland left, and although Ma Ying-jeou is from Hong Kong, which is on the mainland , it is meaningless as she was born on the way to refuge and did not spend her childhood in Hong Kong, but grew up in Taiwan. In any case, Ma Ying-jeou is the only living former president who was born outside of Taiwan . As an aside, Chen Shui-bian is the first president who was born in the Republic of China and whose land is still the Republic of China. Lee Teng-hui was born in Taiwan, but at the time it was a Japanese territory.
14. Cross-Strait Relations Policy
- Chiang Kai -shek , Yan Zi-gan - "Han-Ji-Bul-Yang-Lib ( A Han-Ji-Bul-Yang-Lib state and bandits cannot coexist), "Let's drive out communism from the continent, regain our territory, and save our compatriots on the continent."
- Jiang Jingguo - 不接觸, 不談判, 不妥協 (no contact, no negotiation, no compromise - 3 no policies), 『三接義統一中國』(Let's unify China with the Three Peoples Principle) Actual abandonment of cross-strait unification through force .
- Lee Denghui - Same as his predecessor at the beginning of his term, 『Theory of Two States』 in the second half
- Chen Shui-bian - In the early part of his tenure, there will be four undivided stances (Four Buddhas and Sunsets: Declaration of Independence, change of national name, no constitutional amendment and referendum (for independence), no abolition of the National Unification Code and the National Unification Committee), in the middle一邊一國 (Unchanging country: There are separate countries in both the continent and Taiwan), and in the second half, Taiwanization (Taiwanization: removing the name 'China' from government agencies and quasi-government agencies, attempting to join the UN under the name of Taiwan) , attempts to amend the Constitution of the Republic of China , etc.)
- Ma Ying-jeou - 『不統不獨不武』(No unification , no independence , no use of force . New Three Buddhas Policy), 『一個中國是中華民國』( One China is the Republic of China ), revitalization of economic exchanges with China , Reinforcement of 「Republic of China」 identity through curriculum reorganization
- Chai Ing-wen - 有溝通、不挑釁、沒意外(Yugutong, Unexpected, Unexpected: Continue to communicate with the continental government , not provoke , and there should be no surprises in cross-strait relations . Consistent, predictable, and sustainable cross-strait maintaining relations), " oppression of sovereignty will destroy the stability of cross-strait relations "
15. look around
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[1] The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Korea also refers to it as ‘Taiwan.’ In fact, this is an ambiguous rhetoric because the official name of the country, 'Republic of China', is an expression that goes against ' one China ' from the perspective of the 'People's Republic of China', which has diplomatic relations .[2] In fact, among Taiwanese Chinese and ethnic Koreans, when speaking to Koreans, there are people who refer to 'President/Vice President' as 'President/Vice President' to suit local circumstances so that Koreans can understand.[3] Although it is strictly the position of Commander-in-Chief, this title is also used for the position of Head of State.[4] However, similar to mainland China, Taiwan does not allow naturalization of foreigners except for the spouses of its citizens or in special cases that serve the country's interests, so it is unlikely that candidates will be rejected under this regulation. In addition, the acquisition of nationality by a foreign national with Chinese ancestry is classified as nationality restoration and is treated separately from naturalization.[5] In Taiwan, legislative members, heads of local governments, and members of local governments can be removed in a similar way.[6] Of course, in Taiwan, if the President is removed from office, a new election is not held, but the Vice-President takes over, so even if the President is removed, the government cannot be changed. Therefore, it is unlikely that the Legislative Yuan will overuse dismissals due to the different inclinations of the Legislative Yuan and the President.[7] If both the president and the deputy general manager are in full swing due to dismissal or death, the executive director must act as an authority and take the by -election within 90 days. When the election was elected, the by -election also convened the National Congress to conduct an indirect election at the National Congress, and after the straight -line amendment, the by -elections were also changed to be carried out in a straight line, but there are no cases where the president and the vice president have been in full swing.[8] For comparison, Yoon Seok-yeol , the former 20th President of Korea, received approximately 244 million won as of 2022 (excluding allowances).
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