lichtenstein ball
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incumbent | Hans Adam II / 16th |
accession day | 1989 November 13 (+13408day, 3600th anniversary) |
status | |
official residence | Vaduz Castle |
founding | 1608 December 20th (+152528day, 41700th anniversary) |
1. outline
He is the monarch of Liechtenstein .
The title was created in 1608, but from the first to the fourth generation, it was only a high-ranking noble with no territory to rule. The 3rd Hans-Adam I purchased the Barony of Schellenberg (1699) and the County of Vaduz (1712), and in 1719, during the reign of the 5th Anton Florian, these territories were merged to form the Holy Roman Emperor. With the creation of the new Principality of Liechtenstein by the decree of Charles VI, it was only at this time that the territory under its control was created.
The title was created in 1608, but from the first to the fourth generation, it was only a high-ranking noble with no territory to rule. The 3rd Hans-Adam I purchased the Barony of Schellenberg (1699) and the County of Vaduz (1712), and in 1719, during the reign of the 5th Anton Florian, these territories were merged to form the Holy Roman Emperor. With the creation of the new Principality of Liechtenstein by the decree of Charles VI, it was only at this time that the territory under its control was created.
2. symbol
3. Detail
Liechtenstein's current monarch is Hans Adam II of the Liechtenstein family . Liechtenstein's monarch is called Fürst Fürst in the original German language, and in Korea, various translations such as anti -aircraft , public , peacock , and marquise are difficult. Regarding the translation problem, see the corresponding item of the Prince Document for each item of the title/Europe , Prince , Duke , Marquis , Principal , and Huuk Documents. For reference, the translation is different in China, and it is called Liechtenstein 'Friendship' with Monaco . In China, the king symbolizes the Emperor, so even in the Chinese historical dramas, the countries with quite a bit of size were called emperors.
Although it is a constitutional monarchy , the monarch has a strong power , such as the right to rescue the bill or the dissolution of the parliament . As the authority of modern monarchs is increasingly reduced day by day[4] In 2003 , the 21st century , Liechtenstein strengthened the monarch's authority by passing the support of the people in the referendum, with the support of the people in the referendum . The British BBC criticized this for becoming a real monarchy .[5] Even in 2012 , a referendum was held in the European Union that the kingship of Liechtenstein was undemocratic, and a referendum was held again, asking whether it would deprive the right to proact of the work of the work. . Collecting all the existing enemies of symbolic state, including republican , are the most powerful for symbolic positions. In English Wikipedia, the authority of Liechtenstein was compared with the French president . However, it is so stable that it is surrounded by Austria and Switzerland, which are so small in small countries.
Even while other existing European royal families are changing the law of succession to an absolute eldest-born inheritance law, they are firmly maintaining the Salica law . The European Union told us to change this, but[6] , Hans Adam II said that the law was made before the establishment of the Principality of Liechtenstein, so he could not change it at will.[7] There are more than 50 paternal descendants alone, so there is no urgent reason to change the succession law, and in existing European royal families, matrilineal succession and comrade alliances are the norm for political reasons. However, paradoxically, this family has many paternal descendants because the family is small and there are few checks on succession rights. It also helped that the family title was low, so the guidelines for marrying a noble family were low.[8] Since the male-dominated phenomenon is so severe, it is best to leave it as is.
The native language of the Gong family is German , but they also speak English , French and Italian . The tax rate in Liechtenstein is very low, as the Gong family's business profits cover a significant portion of the national budget.[9]
As the public family accounts for a significant portion of the national budget, its authority is great and the public recognizes it. As an example, hereditary prince and regent of Liechtenstein passed a law fully permitting abortion in the parliament. Alois Philippe Maria seemed to be unable to understand the way he thought as a devout Catholic and nobleman , saying, "If the bill is passed, I will sell the country to Bill Gates and change the country's name to Microsoft and then move to Austria. " He threatened to "go back to Vienna ," and since Liechtenstein is a country maintained by the duchy, the parliament eventually gave in and rejected the bill. The reason Alois, who wrote in the New York Times article, said he would return to Austria was because the duchy of Liechtenstein was originally a subject of the Austrian Empire and had previously resided in Vienna . In the past, Liechtenstein used the currency of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and had Austrians in key cabinet positions, including the prime minister. It was close to being a vassal of the Austrian Empire . After World War I, the Austro-Hungarian Empire collapsed and Austria became the First Republic of Austria , and Liechtenstein became independent . After 1938, when Nazi Germany annexed Austria, the family came to live in Liechtenstein because Princess Elisabeth was Jewish at the time and had no choice but to leave Vienna , which was annexed by Nazi Germany . It is the last remaining princely state of the Holy Roman Empire .
Although it is a constitutional monarchy , the monarch has a strong power , such as the right to rescue the bill or the dissolution of the parliament . As the authority of modern monarchs is increasingly reduced day by day[4] In 2003 , the 21st century , Liechtenstein strengthened the monarch's authority by passing the support of the people in the referendum, with the support of the people in the referendum . The British BBC criticized this for becoming a real monarchy .[5] Even in 2012 , a referendum was held in the European Union that the kingship of Liechtenstein was undemocratic, and a referendum was held again, asking whether it would deprive the right to proact of the work of the work. . Collecting all the existing enemies of symbolic state, including republican , are the most powerful for symbolic positions. In English Wikipedia, the authority of Liechtenstein was compared with the French president . However, it is so stable that it is surrounded by Austria and Switzerland, which are so small in small countries.
Even while other existing European royal families are changing the law of succession to an absolute eldest-born inheritance law, they are firmly maintaining the Salica law . The European Union told us to change this, but[6] , Hans Adam II said that the law was made before the establishment of the Principality of Liechtenstein, so he could not change it at will.[7] There are more than 50 paternal descendants alone, so there is no urgent reason to change the succession law, and in existing European royal families, matrilineal succession and comrade alliances are the norm for political reasons. However, paradoxically, this family has many paternal descendants because the family is small and there are few checks on succession rights. It also helped that the family title was low, so the guidelines for marrying a noble family were low.[8] Since the male-dominated phenomenon is so severe, it is best to leave it as is.
The native language of the Gong family is German , but they also speak English , French and Italian . The tax rate in Liechtenstein is very low, as the Gong family's business profits cover a significant portion of the national budget.[9]
As the public family accounts for a significant portion of the national budget, its authority is great and the public recognizes it. As an example, hereditary prince and regent of Liechtenstein passed a law fully permitting abortion in the parliament. Alois Philippe Maria seemed to be unable to understand the way he thought as a devout Catholic and nobleman , saying, "If the bill is passed, I will sell the country to Bill Gates and change the country's name to Microsoft and then move to Austria. " He threatened to "go back to Vienna ," and since Liechtenstein is a country maintained by the duchy, the parliament eventually gave in and rejected the bill. The reason Alois, who wrote in the New York Times article, said he would return to Austria was because the duchy of Liechtenstein was originally a subject of the Austrian Empire and had previously resided in Vienna . In the past, Liechtenstein used the currency of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and had Austrians in key cabinet positions, including the prime minister. It was close to being a vassal of the Austrian Empire . After World War I, the Austro-Hungarian Empire collapsed and Austria became the First Republic of Austria , and Liechtenstein became independent . After 1938, when Nazi Germany annexed Austria, the family came to live in Liechtenstein because Princess Elisabeth was Jewish at the time and had no choice but to leave Vienna , which was annexed by Nazi Germany . It is the last remaining princely state of the Holy Roman Empire .
4. look around
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[1] German[2] Liechtenstein flag[3] Liechtenstein coat of arms[4] Sweden in 1974 When Charles XVI Gustav ascended to the throne , the remaining formal powers of the king , including the right to grant titles, were completely lost, and the royal authority of the Netherlands was also greatly reduced during the reign of Queen Beatrix .[5] If we are to be specific, the Vatican is not only an absolute monarchy but also a theocracy . Of course, countries like Liechtenstein and the Vatican are very small countries and do not receive much attention from the international community. In addition, the Vatican is the papal territory From the fall of the Vatican and the founding of the Vatican until now, it has been a state for clergy only, with no ordinary citizens residing there.[6] Importantly, Liechtenstein is not a member of the European Union . As with the previous warnings about the expansion of monarchical power, the EU's actions promoting equality are clear interference in the internal affairs of sovereign countries .[7] First of all, in Liechtenstein, the succession law is not changed by the monarch, government, or parliament, but is decided at a meeting of all family members. The problem is that the Liechtenstein family is a family with extreme masculinity from the direct descendants , so no matter how they vote, it is certain that the change to the succession law will be rejected. Even if the change to the succession law is passed, compensation must be paid to the descendants who are behind in ranking, which creates the headache of having to distribute the property to all collateral lines.[8] Looking at the past Dukes of Liechtenstein , there were several from Standeshair , but there was only one from the same Liechtenstein ruling family. Rather, the current hereditary princess Sophie, who is from the Wittelsbach family, is of a higher rank.[9] There is a saying that there is 'no tax' in Liechtenstein, but this is a very common misconception. Even in the ‘Treasures of the Liechtenstein Royal Family’ exhibition held at the National Palace Museum, it was explained that ‘there is no tax ’. Although the tax rate is very low, there are taxes such as corporate tax and personal income tax.
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