Carl 9

Although he was born as the youngest child with an unlikely succession to the throne, he eventually overtook his older brothers to claim the throne of Sweden . He fought wars with Poland-Lithuania and Denmark with an aggressive foreign policy , and intervened in the turbulent era of Tsardom of Rus , but it did not bring any real benefit.

He was born as the youngest son of Gustav I Basa and Margareta Ray Yon , and in 1557 as the Duke of Honer Manland . In 1568, he joined hands with his brother -in -law John to abandon his half -type Erik XIII . However, he later confronted John III, claiming his interests in his owner of the Der Derman Manland.

When his nephew Sigismund , who had been elected King of Poland and Lithuania in 1587, ascended the throne as King of Sweden in 1592, conflict began over issues of authority and religion in the King's absence. In 1595, the Lutheran Church was confirmed as the state religion at the Uppsala Synod , and non-Lutheran believers, including the king, were allowed to stay in Sweden on the condition that they did not hold official religious events , revealing their true colors. He eventually staged a revolt in 1597, liquidated all pro-king nobles, and dethroned his nephew in 1599. After conquering Finland and Estonia , he served as Regent Duke Karl for five years and was crowned King of Sweden in March 1604 at the age of 53, but did not hold a coronation ceremony right away.

When he ascended the throne, the relationship between Poland and Lithuania became irreversible , and in 1605, he was brutally beaten by the Lithuanian general Jan Karol Kodkiewicz in Kirchholm , Livonia . In March 1607, a belated coronation ceremony was held at Uppsala Cathedral with Queen Christine of Holstein-Gottorp. Kexholm in 1609[2] He intervened in the False Dmitry incident in Tsarist Russia on the condition of receiving the throne and participated in the war on the side of Vasily IV , but was defeated by Polish hetman Stanisław Zukiewski in the Battle of Klushno and was forced to defend.

In his later years, he was King of Denmark and King of Norway. A conflict broke out between King Christian IV and Finland, leading to the Kalmar War . The aged Charles IX died on October 30, 1611 at the age of 61 from a stroke due to excessive exertion in this war.[3]

Due to his excessive foreign policy, his son Gustav had to hold a ceremony from the beginning.

Later, French novelist Merime wrote a short horror novel with him as the main character.