12 years a slave
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1. outline
Twelve Years a Slave
The memoirs of Solomon Northup, published in 1853 .
Black in southern America It is a literature that deals with an autobiographical story that was kidnapped as a slave and lived for 12 years . Roh -seop, who lived well with his wife and two children as a violinist in New York, was kidnapped by black slavery who pretended to be an artist, and forced New Orleans and the southern place under the slave name of 'flat', and miraculously themselves. Free people are proved to be released from slavery.
After escaping the slave in 1853, he accused the white people hatred and kidnapped himself and the whites who were the farmers . However, since the times were the times, the blacks were defeated by the Columbia Special District Law at the time that the complaint of white people was not effective. After losing, he became a black human rights activist and organized the Underground Federation to help blacks who escaped from the farm. It is only estimated that he died of about 55 years old in 1863-1864.
Although it is not well known in Korea, it is considered by American historians to be one of the important works that caused the American Civil War along with Uncle Tom's Cabin . While the former is a work that deals with mostly black slaves and is written from a white person's perspective, this work is an autobiography of a writer who experienced slavery himself, and thus holds a very large place in the history of reportage literature.
It is true that the majority of black slaves at the time were illiterate who could not even read and write because they did not receive education, and even if they were freed from slavery, they did not even have the power of expression to tell their own stories. It is said that Solomon Northup was able to publish books because he lived as a free man, reading and writing as well as playing the violin . And since there were very few black people like Northup who were kidnapped and enslaved and then released as free people, the release of “12 Years a Slave” can be said to be almost a miracle.
What's great about Solomon Northup is that he contains almost all of his memories of the 12 years of hardship he suffered from the time he was kidnapped in the book, making the miserable life of a black slave seem more vivid than Uncle Tom's Cabin .[1] (Although it is abbreviated in the movie version), it can be seen that he worked hard every day, ate food worse than that of livestock, and lived in fear for his life. This is a book that anyone learning about the history of black slavery in the United States should read at least once.
The memoirs of Solomon Northup, published in 1853 .
Black in southern America It is a literature that deals with an autobiographical story that was kidnapped as a slave and lived for 12 years . Roh -seop, who lived well with his wife and two children as a violinist in New York, was kidnapped by black slavery who pretended to be an artist, and forced New Orleans and the southern place under the slave name of 'flat', and miraculously themselves. Free people are proved to be released from slavery.
After escaping the slave in 1853, he accused the white people hatred and kidnapped himself and the whites who were the farmers . However, since the times were the times, the blacks were defeated by the Columbia Special District Law at the time that the complaint of white people was not effective. After losing, he became a black human rights activist and organized the Underground Federation to help blacks who escaped from the farm. It is only estimated that he died of about 55 years old in 1863-1864.
Although it is not well known in Korea, it is considered by American historians to be one of the important works that caused the American Civil War along with Uncle Tom's Cabin . While the former is a work that deals with mostly black slaves and is written from a white person's perspective, this work is an autobiography of a writer who experienced slavery himself, and thus holds a very large place in the history of reportage literature.
It is true that the majority of black slaves at the time were illiterate who could not even read and write because they did not receive education, and even if they were freed from slavery, they did not even have the power of expression to tell their own stories. It is said that Solomon Northup was able to publish books because he lived as a free man, reading and writing as well as playing the violin . And since there were very few black people like Northup who were kidnapped and enslaved and then released as free people, the release of “12 Years a Slave” can be said to be almost a miracle.
What's great about Solomon Northup is that he contains almost all of his memories of the 12 years of hardship he suffered from the time he was kidnapped in the book, making the miserable life of a black slave seem more vivid than Uncle Tom's Cabin .[1] (Although it is abbreviated in the movie version), it can be seen that he worked hard every day, ate food worse than that of livestock, and lived in fear for his life. This is a book that anyone learning about the history of black slavery in the United States should read at least once.
It was translated and published in Korea in connection with the release of the movie.[2] , In the movie, whether it was because of adaptation or editing, there is only one scene in which he tries to escape and fails, but in reality, Northup escaped several times, and it is said that he even escaped a swamp infested with snakes with his bare body.
After the 2014 Academy Awards ceremony, the New York Times admitted 161 years ago, on January 20, 1853, that there was a spelling error in an article about Solomon Northup at the time.
It is possible to download as an educational broadcasting audiobook. Episode 1 Link Prequel list
After the 2014 Academy Awards ceremony, the New York Times admitted 161 years ago, on January 20, 1853, that there was a spelling error in an article about Solomon Northup at the time.
It is possible to download as an educational broadcasting audiobook. Episode 1 Link Prequel list
2. Characters
- Solomon Northup
Born in July 1808. USA He was born in New York State . He was a black man who lived in the Free State and was famous as an outstanding violinist . However, in 1841, a two-person human trafficking Fallen by scammers[3] He is sold as a slave and is instantly reduced to slavery. He strongly appeals to the slave traders that he is a free man, but all he gets in return is a whip . In the end, they hide all the facts and look for an opportunity to escape, but they fail every time.
During his time as a slave, he was given the pseudonym Platt and continued to be called by this name. He had a knack for carpentry, often came up with ingenious ideas, and worked meticulously, so he was treated unexpectedly among black slaves who were treated like scum. His first owner, William Ford, favored him, and he served as a slave watcher under his second owner, Edwin Epps. The monitor was a kind of watchman role created because the slave overseer alone could not monitor the large number of slaves, and a few quick-witted people among the slaves were selected and used. They were given the right to whip their fellow slaves, but since it was impossible for Northup to beat black people in the same situation, they pretended to beat them.[4]
After suffering to the point of death for 12 years and being treated like a subhuman, he was fortunate enough to make contact with someone who could prove that he was a free man, and he was finally able to return to his family in 1853.[5][6]
- William Ford
A white man who was Northup's first owner. Thanks to the brilliant advice Noseop gave me, I made a lot of profits in business.[7] Because of this, I liked Noseop. Other slaves were also treated relatively gentlemanly. However, the mindset that a 'slave' is just a 'slave' is no different from other people, so it is not of much help.[8] Later, as his business goes bankrupt and his debt increases, he has no choice but to sell Noseop.
- John Tibeats
A slave overseer under William Ford and a villain who harassed Northup immensely. He has a very violent personality. I criticized Noseop, who was good at his job, and tried to beat him up for no reason, but the whip was taken away from me twice and I was sent on a reverse tour . At this time, out of spite, he keeps trying to kill Noseop, but fails. Later, they broke up after Northup was sold to Epps. According to Northup, he saw him squatting in the doorway of a tavern looking like a drunken wreck, so it seems like he got fired and became a vagabond because of his vicious personality.
- Edwin Epps
A large landowner who owned huge sugarcane and cotton fields, Northup's second owner. They think of slaves as objects and have no human affection for them. They believe that since slaves are property, they can use them, exploit them, and inflict violence on them as they please, so they subject them to merciless whipping and abusive language whenever alcohol is involved. A one-line character who represents the typical 'master' under slavery.[9]
- Patsey _
A female black slave living on Epps' plantation, she was friends with Northup for about 10 years. He is believed to have been born in 1830 and lived in South Carolina with his mother, who was also a slave , before being sold to Epps' farm in Louisiana at the age of 13. According to Northup, at first, unlike other slaves, she was a lively, smiling girl with an unwavering spirit. He was good at his work, especially at picking cotton . While other slaves harvested 60 to 100 kg a day, he could easily harvest 200 kg by himself. However, when Patsy was in her mid-teens, Epps, the majestic owner, started assaulting and raping her whenever he got the chance, and Epps' wife was jealous and harassed Patsy, so she had a hard time. Later, after meeting with Lady Harriet, he was suspected by Epps and was beaten so severely that he almost died.[10] , Due to a severe shock, he lost his original bright personality and became depressed and desperate. In 1853, it was revealed that Northup was a free man who had been kidnapped and returned to his family.[11] The two never met again. It is said that he left Epps' farm with Confederate soldiers in 1863 during the Civil War, and his whereabouts after that are completely unknown.[12]
3. media mix
3.1. movie
more details12 Years a Slave (movie) documentcastPlease note.4. etc
Marjorie Gann, a teacher who has taught elementary and middle school students, and Janet Willen, a children's book writer and editor, took the title from 12 Years a Slave to the effect that the remnants of slavery still remain and should be abolished, 'The History of Slavery'. (Five Thousand Years of Slavery)'[13] wrote
[1] 'Uncle Tom's Cabin' is a monumental work that is said to have 'started the Civil War' by widely publicizing the miserable reality of black slaves and the problems of slavery, but its description is limited in that it was written by a white man from the North. In fact, while the work harshly criticizes slavery, the characters are mostly good white people, although there are vicious plantation owners. Like Ford, who was friendly to Northup and relatively conscientious, but could not escape the perception of a plantation owner at the time, writer Harriet Beecher Stowe also could not be completely free from the limitations of the times and race, and for this reason, among modern blacks, 'uncle Tom' means 'a servile black person who pleases white people'. It is also used as a derogatory term. Regardless of the work and significance of this book, it cannot be without limitations because it is written about something that someone who was not a victim of slavery did not personally experience. Regardless of the evaluation of the work or author, Northup's memoir, which directly experienced slavery and suffered from it, is much more meaningful as a teaching material on slavery.[2] Since the copyright has already expired, there are various editions.[3] These guys mixed alcohol with sleeping pills and knocked Northup out.[4] Of course, the co-workers said that they avoided the eyes of the owner because they were realistically good at acting.[5] In the movie version, the process of liberation from slavery was relatively brief, but in reality it was much more dramatic. First, Clemons, whom they met on a slave ship, informed the family that Solomon had been kidnapped, so the family knew that Solomon had been sold somewhere in the South and made a plan to find him, but they were unable to find him in the vast land of the United States. Later, Beth, a carpenter, wrote a letter for Solomon, but the land was large, a long time had passed, and it was not the time when addresses could be confirmed immediately, so the letters had to be sent several times and it took a very long time to find Epps' farm. In addition, Beth, an outsider in the closed-off southern countryside, frequently visited the post office with letters addressed to the North, which was so conspicuous that she felt her life was in danger. In a situation where he thought it would not work again, he was dramatically rescued by meeting a group of people who came to rescue him.[6] Beth heard from Solomon the names of three people who could prove that she was a free person, and sent letters to all three in case they had died or moved away. When several months passed and there was no reply, Beth decided to go to Saratoga herself and deliver the letter. However, although they did not know it, two of the letters were delivered properly, and the two who received the letters informed Solomon's wife about her husband's whereabouts. The wife reported this to a lawyer, who was an acquaintance, and the lawyer reported the information to Washington Hunt, the governor of New York, and obtained a certificate stating that Solomon was a free man. In addition, the governor asked the lawyer to personally rescue Solomon, so the lawyer went to Epps' farm with the sheriff and rescued Solomon.[7] For example, when moving trees after logging, they suggested that it be better to float them in a river and let them flow downstream, and the efficiency has increased dramatically.[8] In his book, Solomon said that he was "a good person, but a person who has been corrupted by society (slavery)."[9] Epps and his wife died in 1867, two years after the Civil War ended. In other words, he died after seeing slavery abolished. The cause of death is unknown, but there is speculation that it was yellow fever. During the Civil War, his farm was occupied by Union troops, and at that time several slaves, including Patsy, who will be described below, left his farm with the Union army. He actually read the Book of Solomon and proved its contents to be true.[10] In the movie 12 Years a Slave (movie) based on this book , Patsy is tied to a tree and beaten with a whip.[11] Hugging Northup as he left, he said, "You're going to be free and we'll never see you again. You've saved me a lot from being whipped, Platt. I'm glad you're free." But, oh, Lord, Lord! What will become of me?"[12] Because 12 Years a Slave was so famous in the United States, many historians and journalists tried to research where and how Patsy lived and when she died. However, many records of the southern region were lost during the Civil War, and his whereabouts after 1863 are not known at all.[13] As you can see from the original title, it should originally be translated as 5000 years of slavery .
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