Hannover

Northern Germany city. It is the leader of the Line Leine .

Hannover, who was promoted to Shi in 1241, was the capital of the Hannover Kingdom from 1815 to 1866 . Until then, Braunshu Bike , which was the center of the region, has been a rival since then.[3] This influenced the Windsor Dynasty , the royal family of modern England, because their ancestors, George I , were from Hannover's first post.

As a manufacturing center, Hanover produces office supplies, machinery, automobiles, etc., and also hosts an industry fair every year. It is also a hub for rail transportation.[4] The Mittelland Canal runs through the city.

Gothic Markt Church, built in the 14th century , and the old city building built in the 15th century[5] There are many historical buildings, including all. The garden of the Herenhausen Palace, which was created in the 17th century and used as the Hannover dynasty 's palace, is very beautiful. Hannover is also a German transportation hub, which is also a good idea to be used for many German small cities. Hildesheim , Gosla , Braunshu Bike , and Go Tingen are typical. In particular, the south of Hannover was the main base of the Holy Roman Empire during the Ho Enstoppen dynasty , and was severely bombed during World War II , but some of the Romanesque buildings were preserved. Most Koreans are out of German history , and most of them do not stop by during their travels due to location problems, but they are worth looking around.

It was a secluded fishing village in the medieval period, but by using the water -lined water transport, the trade of the city -state countries such as Bremen and Hamburg was used as a base to connect with the southern Germany. Since then, the richness of silver and iron from the Nider's Saxony area has flourished, and in the mid -17th century, Braunshu Bike Runeburg Principal enjoyed the peak.

The Duke of Braunshu Bike Runeburg was promoted to the preoccupation in 1692[6] As a result, Braunshu Bike Runeburg was also upgraded to the Brownsu Bike Runeburg. Braunshu Bike-Luneburg preemption is the official name, but it is common to call it Hannover pre-preemptive because it was usually the capital. In 1714, George I was invited to the British king , forming a coalition with Britain. This is the beginning of the Hannover dynasty that leads to the Windsor dynasty today .[7] Later, during the Napoleon War , the officials were occupied by the French troops , and the officials were forced to swear loyalty to Napoleon , not after Hannover, but after Hannover's will, George III fought against Napoleon . And in recognition of this contribution, Hannover increased his status from the preemptive secondary state to the kingdom, and expanded its territory to the Rhine .

Since then, the alliance has been formed in 1837 due to the death of William IV in 1837 . In the United Kingdom, Queen Victoria , the nephew of William IV, was inherited by the succession of the throne. However, in Hannover, there was a Salika law that banned the succession of women's throne, and the alliance, which lasted for more than 100 years, ended with George III's fifth son, Ernst August I as a new king.[8]

Meanwhile, even after the alliance between Britain and Hanover was broken, ties between the two countries continued to some extent. Because the King of Hanover was a descendant of George III, he also served as the Duke of England. When the Kingdom of Hanover fell due to the Prussian-Austrian War , the King and other members of the Hanover royal family fled to England, where their relatives lived. And even after the Eastern Military Alliance broke up and the Kingdom of Hanover fell, the Hanoverian Dynasty ruled England until 1901, when Queen Victoria died. Duke of Brunswick, nephew of the last King of Hanover , Georg V[9] When Wilhelm died without an heir in 1884, he was succeeded by Ernst August III, the son of Georg V. However, due to the aftermath of the great fighting in the Prussian-Austrian War, the succession of Ernst August III was not recognized, but when Ernst August III married the daughter of Wilhelm II , the succession to the Duchy of Brunswick was recognized. Thus, Ernst August III was crowned Duke of Brunswick in 1913, and after becoming a prince of the German Empire, he sided with Germany in World War I and was stripped of his title as Duke of Cumberland in England.[10]

After the Eastern Alliance was disbanded, the Kingdom of Hanover mistakenly aligned itself with the Austrian Empire in the Prussian-Austrian War , and the Kingdom of Hanover fell and was annexed to the Province of Hanover under the Kingdom of Prussia and became part of the German Empire . Afterwards, through the Industrial Revolution , industrialization took place rapidly, and from the late 19th century onwards, it grew into one of the major industrial centers in Germany.

Due to its characteristics as an industrial city, Hanover was subjected to nearly 100 air raids during World War II . After the war, it became an area occupied by the British army , and the British army attempted to establish a new 'State of Hanover' centered on Hanover, but encountered opposition from residents of areas that were not originally part of the Kingdom of Hanover ( Oldenburg , Brunswick ), and after discussions surrounding this, the name of the state was decided to be Lower Saxony , and Hanover became the new capital of the new state of Lower Saxony, which it remains today. For reference, Hanover's population is approximately 522,000, excluding the urban area .

Is standard German based on the Hanoverian dialect?
Which local dialect of German is closest to the standard?

It is also a significant city in terms of the German language. The Hanoverian dialect is closest to standard German (Hochdeutsch), at least in terms of phonetics, so even among Germans, the German language used by locals such as Hanover and Braunschweig is often called the so-called German language that has the least dialect and is the clearest to understand .

However, many linguists believe that the fact that Hanover is close to standard German is merely a prejudice caused by a social influence that historically shifted the center of Germany from Saxony , Thuringia , and Brandenburg to Lower Saxony . In fact, the reason why High German was spread widely in North Germany was because High German was semi-forcibly spread by the Kingdom of Prussia . Since Low German and High German were different at the level of foreign languages, North Germans learned High German almost like a second foreign language. And because that type of education has been around for a long time, ironically, the pronunciation is closer to pure High German than to southern dialects . And in the accents of southern Lower Saxony, such as those near Hanover and Braunschweig, this tendency is extremely strengthened, and unlike other northern German regions, you cannot find any accents of Low German even if you wash your eyes and look for them. In other words, the German of Hanover can be said to be closest to standard German because the accent is the most neutral . In addition, historically, at the end of World War II, many Germans living in the East fled west, and after the end of the war, Germans living in East Prussia and Silesia were forcibly expelled , and many Germans settled in the former West Germany . Most of them settled in areas where modern standard German was spoken, such as Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein . Originally, the state of Lower Saxony, where Hanover is located, was in the Low German-speaking region (Platt) . If you listen to Low German, it is not at all similar to the standard German accent, but rather more similar to Danish or British English accent.

On the other hand, Berlin 's standard German speakers are mostly eaten and live, so many of them have been able to settle standard German on North Korea, not the capital of Berlin (East Berlin), as many of them have left their living standards to better West Germany. Indeed, the Germans in the working class had virtually no choice but to remain as a anti -strength, and the accents of these people were the coke of coke that was used by the working class in the UK. In addition, due to the German Socialist Unification Party 's language policy, there were a lot of vocabulary that came after the establishment of the communist regime among the vocabulary used in the old East German region, and efforts to preserve the Berlin dialects were more active.[11]