Hotin
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Hotin Хотин |
1. outline
Khotin is Ukraine Chernivtsi region It is a city in Dnistrosk County .
In the past, it was a border city of the Moldavian Principal and Polish-Lithuania , and is famous for the two battles between the 17th century Ottoman Empire and the Polish-Lithuania. Therefore, it is one of the Ukrainian cities that are deeply related to the Ottoman Empire along with Izmile , Billo Roddenist Lousky and Orchi Kiu .
In the past, it was a border city of the Moldavian Principal and Polish-Lithuania , and is famous for the two battles between the 17th century Ottoman Empire and the Polish-Lithuania. Therefore, it is one of the Ukrainian cities that are deeply related to the Ottoman Empire along with Izmile , Billo Roddenist Lousky and Orchi Kiu .
2. notation by language
3. history
1002 It is first mentioned in literature on September 22 and, according to archaeological finds, was founded in Kievan Rus . Later, when Kievan Rus collapsed due to the invasion of the Mongol Empire, it fell under the Kingdom of Ruthenia . It was also partially colonized by the Republic of Genoa around the 13th century . The Kingdom of Poland exerted influence in the region and attempted to Catholicize it, but failed and was conquered by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in 1351. Three years later, Lithuania gave the area to the Romanians, and then the Principality of Moldavia was established.
In 1400, with the help of Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania , Duke of Moldavia Alexandru cel Bun (1375-1432) built Khotyn Fortress. Afterwards, as Alexandru's successors fought each other for power, the fortress passed to Poland, but thanks to the actions of Stephen III, it was returned to Moldavia. During the 15th century, Khotín Citadel was one of the most powerful fortresses of the Principality of Moldavia.
As the Ottoman Empire gradually weakened after the 17th century, Khotin was invaded by foreign powers. In 1621, the Polish-Lithuanian Lithuanian hetman Jan Karol Kodkiewicz defeated the Ottoman army of Osman II , and in 1673, Jan Sobieski defeated the Ottoman army of Mehmed IV . After Poland-Lithuania declined, the Russian Empire targeted it, and it was occupied by the Russian Imperial Army three times, in 1739, 1769, and 1788 . When the Russo-Turkish War broke out again in 1806 , it was eventually occupied by the Russian army, and in 1812, with the Treaty of Bucharest , the territory east of the Prut River was transferred and became part of the Bessarabia Prefecture of the Russian Empire . Under the Russian Empire, it was the center of Khotyn town (Хотинский уезд), and although its population increased significantly, it became increasingly Russianized .
At the end of World War I in 1918, it was incorporated into the Kingdom of Romania and became the capital of Hotin Province (Jude?ul Hotin). However, in 1940, when the Soviet Union robbed the Kingdom of Romania of Bessarabia and northern Bukovina, it became part of the Soviet Union and was later incorporated into the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, becoming Ukrainian territory after the collapse of the Soviet Union . Until July 18, 2020, it was the center of Khotyn District (Хотинський район) of Chernivtsi Region, but due to the reorganization of administrative districts, it is currently incorporated into Dnistrovsky District (Дністровський район).
In 1400, with the help of Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania , Duke of Moldavia Alexandru cel Bun (1375-1432) built Khotyn Fortress. Afterwards, as Alexandru's successors fought each other for power, the fortress passed to Poland, but thanks to the actions of Stephen III, it was returned to Moldavia. During the 15th century, Khotín Citadel was one of the most powerful fortresses of the Principality of Moldavia.
As the Ottoman Empire gradually weakened after the 17th century, Khotin was invaded by foreign powers. In 1621, the Polish-Lithuanian Lithuanian hetman Jan Karol Kodkiewicz defeated the Ottoman army of Osman II , and in 1673, Jan Sobieski defeated the Ottoman army of Mehmed IV . After Poland-Lithuania declined, the Russian Empire targeted it, and it was occupied by the Russian Imperial Army three times, in 1739, 1769, and 1788 . When the Russo-Turkish War broke out again in 1806 , it was eventually occupied by the Russian army, and in 1812, with the Treaty of Bucharest , the territory east of the Prut River was transferred and became part of the Bessarabia Prefecture of the Russian Empire . Under the Russian Empire, it was the center of Khotyn town (Хотинский уезд), and although its population increased significantly, it became increasingly Russianized .
At the end of World War I in 1918, it was incorporated into the Kingdom of Romania and became the capital of Hotin Province (Jude?ul Hotin). However, in 1940, when the Soviet Union robbed the Kingdom of Romania of Bessarabia and northern Bukovina, it became part of the Soviet Union and was later incorporated into the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, becoming Ukrainian territory after the collapse of the Soviet Union . Until July 18, 2020, it was the center of Khotyn District (Хотинський район) of Chernivtsi Region, but due to the reorganization of administrative districts, it is currently incorporated into Dnistrovsky District (Дністровський район).
4. population and society
As of 2017, about 9,300 people. Most of the population speaks Ukrainian , followed by Russian and Romanian speakers.
Even in 1919, the population reached 35,000, but in 1930 it was reduced to 15,300, and the population is gradually decreasing due to World War II and the war in Ukraine .
Even in 1919, the population reached 35,000, but in 1930 it was reduced to 15,300, and the population is gradually decreasing due to World War II and the war in Ukraine .
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